Ancient Greece

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Ancient Greece
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Map
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Consumer Goods
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Coins
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Alphabet
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Human Figure
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Egyptian Art
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Corinth
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Athens
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Battle with Persians
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Philip II
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Alexander The Great
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Battle between Titans and Sky gods
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Mt. Olympus
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Zeus

• Thunder and lightening bolt
• Sacred eagle and oak tree

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Hera

• consort of Zeus
• mature woman
• cow and peacock

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Poseidon

• holds a three-pronged spear
• horse

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Hestia

• sacred flame burns as the communal hearth

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Demeter

• Mother of Persephone
• Reason for seasons

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Hades

• His helmet makes the wearer invisible

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Apollo

• brother of Artemis. Son of Zeus and Leto
• carries bow arrows or sometimes a lyre
• dolphin and laurel

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Ares

• vulture and dog

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Aphrodite

• myrtle, dove, sparrow and swan

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Hephaestus

• Lame, married to Aphrodite.
• Carries hammer, wears a blacksmiths apron

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Artemis

• carries bow and arrows
• accompanied by hunting dogs
• deer and cypress

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Athena

• Wears helmet, and carries shield
• owl and olive trees

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Hermes

• Wears winged sandals and hat
• Carried a caduceus

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Persephone

• Goddess of the underworld
• fertility

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Dionysus

• Shown surrounded by grapevines and grape clusters
• Carries a wine cup
• His female followers are called maenads

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Eros

• carries bow and arrows

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Eos

• Goddess of the dawn

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Pan

• half man/half goat
• Carries pan pipes

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Nike

• Goddess of Victory

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Geometric Period (900-700BCE)
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Orientalizing Period (700-600BCE)
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Archaic Period (600-480BCE)
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Early/Transitional Period (480-450BCE)
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5th Century (450-to end of 5th century BCE)
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4th century Period (400-320BCE)
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Hellenistic Period (320-31BCE)
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Architectural Orders
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Doric
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Ionic
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Corinthian
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Basic Parts of a Column
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Geometric Period
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Geometric Period (900-700BCE)
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Proto-Geometric Example
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Diplyon Vase, 750BCE, Geometric
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Detail
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Orientalizing Period
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Orientalizing Period (700-600BCE)
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Olpe Example
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Archaic Period
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Archaic Period (600-480BCE)
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Vase Types
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Archaic Sculpture Features

• Archaic smile
• Fully frontal
• Arms at side or engaged
• For men one leg in front
• Heavy features
• Eyes open wide
• Ovid shaped head

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Ergotimos (potter) and Kleitias (painter),
Francois Vase, c.570, Archaic Period
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Exekias, The Suicide of Ajax
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NY Kourous, c.580, Archaic
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Anavysos Kouros
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Peplos Kore, c.530BCE, Archaic
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Classical Period
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Characteristics of Greek Classical Art

• Humanism Man is the Measure of all things.
• Rationalism Know thyself
• Idealism Nothing in excess

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Early/Transitional Period (480-450BCE)
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Kritian Boy (Kritios Boy), c.480BCe, Classical
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Contrapposto
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Comparison
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Riace Warrior, c.460-450BCE, Classical
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Conservation
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Myron, Discobolos (The Discus Thrower), c.
450BCE, Classical
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5th Century (450-400 BCE)
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Pericles
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Athenian Agora
Agora interactive site
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The Acropolis
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Reconstruction
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Reconstruction detail
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Temple of Athena Nike
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Nike Adjusting her Sandal
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The Erechtheion
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Porch of the Maidens
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Kallikrates and Iktinos, Parthenon, 447-438BCE,
Classical
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Sculptural Decoration

• Triumph of Greek democracy
• Preeminence of Athens
• Enlightened Greeks

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West Pediment
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Sculptural decoration
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East Pediment complete
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detail
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detail
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East Pediment
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Cult statue of Athena
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Lapith Fighting a Centaur
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Frieze Reconstruction
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Horsemen
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Marshals and Young Women
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Reconstruction
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Polykleitos, Doryphorous (Spear Bearer), c.
450-440BCE, Classical, Roman Copy
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Comparison
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4th century Period (400-320BCE)
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Hermes and infant Dionysos
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Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos, c.350,
Classical, Roman copy
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Lysippos, The Scraper
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Abduction of Persephone
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Alexander the Great Confronts Darius III at the
Battle of Issos, c.310BCE, Classical
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Detail
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Hellenistic Period 320-31BCE

• Emotion Movement
• Individual and specific
• Personal feeling associated with the art
• Two Trends
• Classical
• Anti-Classical

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Alexanders Empire
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Chieftan and his wife, Mother and Child, and
Dying Gaul Trumpeter
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Dying Gallic Trumpeter, c.220BCE, Hellenistic
(Roman Copy)
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Hagesandros, Polydoros, Athanadoros of Rhodes,
Laocoön and His Sons, 1st century BCE Hellenistic
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Laocoön and His Sons
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Nike of Samothrace, c.190BCE, Hellenistic
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Aphrodite of Melos (Venus de Milo), c150BCE,
Hellenistic
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Comparison
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Aphrodite of Melos