CELL ENERGY

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CELL ENERGY!

• Chapter 9

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ENERGY - A hot item!

• All cells need energy to function.
• They must
• produce energy from their environments
• Store energy for future use
• Use energy in a controlled manner

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What about my needs?

• The following cell processes require energy
• Active transport
• Cell division
• Movement of cilia/flagella
• Production/storage of proteins
• Transport of proteins

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What do your cells need energy for?

• Flexing those muscles hans!
• Pumping the heart franz!
• Brain function

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ATP The candybar for cells

• When you finish strenuous physical exercise, your
  body wants a quick source of energy a candybar!
• Like the candybar gives you that quick boost, ATP
  gives the organelles in cells a boost of energy!

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What the heck is ATP?

• ATP adenosine triphosphate
• Molecule made of adenosine and three phosphates
• Energy is stored in chemical bonds of molecule
• Candybar analogy nougat 3 peanuts

adenosine
P
P
P
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Forming and breaking down atp!

• Phosphate groups have a charge
• Things with the same charge dont like to be
  together
• Like poles of a magnet
• Peanuts dont want to be together!

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• Since the phosphate groups dont want to be
  together - it takes a lot of energy to bond them
  to adenosine
• (lots of caramel!)
• That energy is what makes up the energy molecule
  atp!
• 1 - Mono- AMP (little energy)
• 2 - Di- ADP (more energy)
• 3 - Tri atp (lots of energy)

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Get me outta here!

• The third phosphate group is so eager to get away
  from the others, that when the bond is broken,
  LOTS of energy is released!
• Free the peanut!
• Free the peanut!

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Energy of atp

• The energy of atp is available when it is broken
  down.
• Break those bonds and energy is released as atp
  becomes adp.
• Adp can reform into atp by adding a phosphate
  group
• Repeat, repeat, repeat!!!!

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Why is this cycle important?

• This cycle allows a cell to produce large amounts
  of energy without storing it!
• If a cell can continually find phosphates, there
  is an unlimited supply of energy!
• The more peanuts, the more candybars!
• Can you imagine all those candybars!

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How can cells use atp?

• Cells have to find a way to capture the runaway
  atp energy!
• If not, the energy is wasted!
• Cellular proteins have a specific spot where atp
  can bind.
• Just like a radio uses batteries, the cell can
  use atp energy!

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What do batteries have to do with it?

• Batteries have stored enery
• If batteries are sitting alone on a table, they
  serve no purpose.
• When batteries are plugged into a radio (protein
  of celL) the energy is put to use in operating
  the radio.
• When the batteries are used, they can be
  recharged and used again-just like ATP cycle!

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summary

• All cells need energy
• Atp stores energy in chemical bonds
• Energy is released when bonds are broken.
• Cells use energy like batteries
• Atp energy can be recharged in cells as long as
  there is a supply of phosphates!