World War II

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World War II
By Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley H. S.
Chappaqua, NY
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The Road to War 1919-1939
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The Versailles Treaty
4
A Weak League of Nations
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The Ineffectiveness of the League of Nations

• No control of major conflicts.
• No progress in disarmament.
• No effective military force.

6
The Stab-In-The-Back Theory
German soldiers are dissatisfied.
7
Decadence of the Weimar Republic
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France False Sense of Security?
The MaginotLine
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International Agreements

• Locarno Pact 1925
• France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy
• Guarantee existing frontiers
• Establish DMZ 30 miles deep on East bank of
  Rhine River
• Refrain from aggression against each other
• Kellog-Briand Pact 1928
• Makes war illegal as a tool of diplomacy
• No enforcement provisions

10
The Great Depression
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The Manchurian Crisis, 1931
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Japan Invades Manchuria, 1931
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Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935
Emperor Haile Selassie
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Germany Invades the RhinelandMarch 7, 1936
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U. S. Neutrality Acts1934, 1935, 1937, 1939
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America-First Committee
Charles Lindbergh
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The Austrian Anschluss, 1936
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The Spanish Civil War1936 - 1939
The National FrontNationalists
The Popular FrontRepublicans

• Anarcho-Syndicalists.
• Basques.
• Catalans.
• Communists.
• Marxists.
• Republicans.
• Socialists.

• Carlists ultra-Catholic monarchists.
• Catholic Church.
• Falange fascist Party.
• Monarchists.

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The Spanish Civil War1936 - 1939
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The Spanish Civil War
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The Spanish Civil War 1936 - 1939
The American Lincoln Brigade
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The Spanish Civil War 1936 - 1939
Francisco Franco
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The Spanish Civil WarA Dress Rehearsal for WW
II?
Italian troops in Madrid
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Guernica by Pablo Picasso
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The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937
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The Problem of theSudetenland
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Appeasement The Munich Agreement, 1938
British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain
Now we have peace in our time! Herr Hitler is a
man we can do business with.
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Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich
1939
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Rome-Berlin Axis, 1939
The Pact of Steel
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The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939
Foreign Ministers von Ribbentrop Molotov
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The War Begins!
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Poland Attacked Sept. 1, 1939
Blitzkrieg Lightening War
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German Troops March into Warsaw
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The European North African Theaters
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European Theater of Operations
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The Phoney War EndsSpring, 1940
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Dunkirk EvacuatedJune 4, 1940
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France SurrendersJune, 1940
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A Divided France
Henri Petain
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The French Resistance
The Free French
General Charles DeGaulle
The Maquis
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Rome-Berlin-Tokyo AxisThe Tripartite
PactSeptember, 1940
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Now Britain Is All Alone!
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U. S. Lend-Lease Act,1941
Great Britain.........................31
billionSoviet Union...........................11
billionFrance...................................
... 3 billionChina..............................
.........1.5 billionOther European..............
...500 millionSouth America...................4
00 millionThe amount totaled 48,601,365,000
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Lend-Lease
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Battle of BritainThe Blitz
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Battle of BritainThe Blitz
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The London TubeAir Raid Shelters during the
Blitz
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The Royal Air Force
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British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
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The Atlantic Charter

• Roosevelt and Churchill sign treaty of friendship
  in August 1941.
• Solidifies alliance.
• Fashioned after Wilsons 14 Points.
• Calls for League of Nations type organization.

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Operation BarbarossaHitlers Biggest Mistake
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Operation Barbarossa June 22, 1941

• 3,000,000 German soldiers.
• 3,400 tanks.

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The Big Three
Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph
Stalin
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Axis Powers in 1942
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Battle of StalingradWinter of 1942-1943
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The North Africa Campaign The Battle of
El Alamein, 1942
Gen. Ernst Rommel,The Desert Fox
Gen. Bernard LawMontgomery(Monty)
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The Italian Campaign Operation Torch
Europes Soft Underbelly

• Allies plan assault on weakest Axis area - North
  Africa - Nov. 1942-May 1943
• George S. Patton leads American troops
• Germans trapped in Tunisia - surrender over
  275,000 troops.

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The Battle for Sicily
June, 1943
General George S. Patton
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George C. Scott Playing General Patton in the
1968 Movie, Patton
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The Battle of Monte CasinoFebruary, 1944
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The Allies Liberate RomeJune 5, 1944
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Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day
Operation Overlord
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D-Day (June 6, 1944)
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Normandy Landing (June
6, 1944)
German Prisoners
Higgins Landing Crafts
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July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot
Major Claus vonStauffenberg
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July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot
1. Adolf Hitler 2. Field Marshall Wilhelm
Keitel 3. Gen Alfred von Jodl 4. Gen Walter
Warlimont 5. Franz von Sonnleithner 6. Maj
Herbert Buchs 7. Stenographer Heinz Buchholz 8.
Lt Gen Hermann Fegelein 9. Col Nikolaus von
Below10. Rear Adm Hans-Erich Voss11. Otto
Gunsche, Hitler's adjutant12. Gen Walter Scherff
(injured)13. Gen Ernst John von Freyend14. Capt
Heinz Assman (injured)
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The Liberation of ParisAugust 25, 1944
De Gaulle in Triumph!
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U. S. Troops in Paris, 1944
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French Female Collaborators
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The Battle of the BulgeHitlers Last Offensive
Dec. 16, 1944toJan. 28, 1945
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Yalta February, 1945

• FDR wants quick Soviet entry into Pacific war.
• FDR Churchill concede Stalin needs buffer, FDR
  Stalin want spheres of influence and a weak
  Germany.
• Churchill wants
  strong Germany
  as bufferagainst
  Stalin.
• FDR argues for a United Nations.

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Mussolini His Mistress,Claretta Petacci Are
Hung in Milan, 1945
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US Russian Soldiers Meet at the Elbe River
April 25, 1945
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Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
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Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Entrance to Auschwitz
Crematoria at Majdanek
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Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Slave Labor at Buchenwald
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Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Mass Graves at Bergen-Belsen
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Hitlers Secret WeaponsToo Little, Too Late!
V-1 RocketBuzz Bomb
V-2 Rocket
Werner von Braun
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Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945
Cyanide Pistols
The Führers Bunker
Mr. Mrs. Hitler
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V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
General Keitel
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V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
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The Code Breakers of WW II
The Japanese Purple naval Code Machine
Bletchley Park
The German Enigma Machine
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The Pacific Theater
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Pearl Harbor
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Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
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Pearl Harbor from the Cockpit of a Japanese Pilot
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Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941
A date which will live in infamy!
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President Roosevelt Signs the US Declaration of
War
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USS Arizona, Pearl Harbor
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Pearl Harbor Memorial
2,887 Americans Dead!
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Pacific Theater of Operations
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Tokyo Rose
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Paying for the War
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Paying for the War
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Paying for the War
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Betty Grable Allied Pinup GirlShe Reminded Men
What They Were Fighting For
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Singapore SurrendersFebruary, 1942
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U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,the Philippines
March, 1942
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Bataan Death March April, 1942
76,000 prisoners 12,000 Americans Marched 60
miles in the blazing heat to POW camps in the
Philippines.
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Bataan British Soldiers
A Liberated British POW
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The Burma Campaign
General Stilwell Leaving Burma, 1942
The Burma Road
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Allied Counter-OffensiveIsland-Hopping
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Island-Hopping US Troops on Kwajalien Island
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Farthest Extent of Japanese Conquests
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Lt. Col. Jimmy DoolittleFirst U. S. Raids on
Tokyo, 1942
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Battle of the Coral SeaMay 7-8, 1942
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Battle of Midway IslandJune 4-6, 1942
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Battle of Midway IslandJune 4-6, 1942
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Japanese Kamikaze PlanesThe Scourge of the
South Pacific
Kamikaze Pilots
Suicide Bombers
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Gen. MacArthur Returns to the Philippines!
1944
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US Marines on Mt. Surbachi,Iwo Jima Feb. 19,
1945
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Potsdam ConferenceJuly, 1945

• FDR dead, Churchill out of office as Prime
  Minister during conference.
• Stalin only original.
• The United States
  has the A-bomb.
• Allies agree Germany
  is to be divided into
  occupation zones
• Poland moved around to suit the Soviets.

P.M. Clement President Joseph Atlee
Truman Stalin
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The Manhattan ProjectLos Alamos, NM
I am become death, the shatterer of worlds!
Major GeneralLesley R. Groves
Dr. Robert Oppenheimer
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Tinian Island, 1945
Little Boy Fat Man
Enola Gay Crew
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Col. Paul Tibbets the A-Bomb
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Hiroshima August 6, 1945

• 70,000 killed immediately.
• 48,000 buildings. destroyed.
• 100,000s died of radiation poisoning cancer
  later.

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The Beginning of theAtomic Age
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Nagasaki August 9, 1945

• 40,000 killed immediately.
• 60,000 injured.
• 100,000s died ofradiation poisoning cancer
  later.

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Japanese A-Bomb Survivors
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Hiroshima Memorials
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V-J Day (September 2, 1945)
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Japanese POWs, Guam
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V-J Day in Times Square, NYC
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Results of World War II
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WW II Casualties Europe
Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the
appropriate theater of operations
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WW II Casualties Asia
Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the
appropriate theater of operations
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WW II Casualties

• Civilians only.
• Army and navy figures.
• Figures cover period July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2,
  1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops.
  They do not include casualties suffered by
  guerrillas and local military corps.
• Deaths from all causes.
• Against Soviet Russia 385,847 against Nazi
  Germany.
• Against Soviet Russia 169,822against Nazi
  Germany.
• National Defense Ctr., CanadianForces Hq.,
  Director of History.

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Massive Human Dislocations
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The U.S. the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two
Superpowers of the later 20c
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The Bi-Polarization of Europe The Beginning of
the Cold War
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The Division of Germany1945 - 1990
133
The Creation of the U. N.
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The Nuremberg War TrialsCrimes Against Humanity
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Japanese War Crimes Trials
General Hideki Tojo
Bio-Chemical Experiments
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7 Future American Presidents Served in World War
II
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The Race for Space
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Early Computer Technology Came Out of WW II
Colossus, 1941
Mark I, 1944
Admiral Grace Hooper, 1944-1992COBOL language
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The Emergence of Third World Nationalist Movements
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The De-Colonization of European Empires
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The World We Live in Today Was Formed by the
Events of World War II its immediate aftermath!