World War I

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World War I
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Long Term Causes

• Geography
• Nationalism
• Militarism
• Entangling Alliances

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War or Conflict?

• Geographic features caused tension among European
  nations.

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After the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)

• Germany-
• 1. Annexed the bordering French province of
  Alsace and part of Lorraine. Both rich in coal
  and iron.
• 2. Began to expand its navy in hopes of
  countering Britain.

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Italy

• Lacked natural resources needed for
  industrialization.
• 1. Began to look to take over areas in
  Austria-Hungary to add them to their colonial
  holdings in Africa.

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Russia

• Needed a warm water port to expand trade.
• 1. Looked to take the Turkish-controlled
  straits that would join the Black and
  Mediterranean seas.
• 2. Russia never feared invasion because of the
  vast land between them and the rest of Europe.

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Prove or Disprove

• In groups of 3 or 4 prove or disprove the
  following statement.
• Prior to World War I, European leaders were
  strongly concerned about their countries
  geographic advantages and disadvantages.

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2. Nationalism

• Nationalism helped give rise to imperialism.
• - various countries asserted their right to
  rule territory beyond their borders.
• Germans and Russians felt they should protect
  their people no matter where they lived.
• Thus, Russia supported Slavic Serbia against
  Germanic Austria-Hungary
• Germany backed Germanic Austria-Hungary against
  Slavic Russia

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3. Militarism

• The national buildup of armies and navies.
• - Leads to distrust among nations.
• Results in an
• Arms Race

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4. Alliances

• As the Arms Race grew so did the alliances,
  everyone wanted to be sure to be with a big gun.
• Central Powers- Germany, Austria- Hungary, Italy,
  The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria.
• Triple Entente- France, Great Britain, Russia.
  As other nations joined they gained the name of
  Allied Powers.

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What Sparked the War

• Bosnia an area within Austria-Hungary.
• Serbia wanted the area because of a port on
  Adriatic Sea.

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Assassination

• Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the throne of
  the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
• He visits the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo, in 1914.
• He is assassinated by a Serbian nationalist.

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War

• On July 28, 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war on
  Serbia, and alliances opened up.
• Russia aided Serbia.
• Germany declared war on Russia and France
• Germany moves troops through Belgium toward
  France, so Britain declared against Germany.
• And Italy sat on the sideline and remained
  neutral.