Title: Circulatory system
1Circulatory system
2General outline
Heart Arteries Capillaries veins
Blood vascular system
Lymphatic capillaries Lymphatic vessel Lymphatic
ducts
Lymphatic vascular system
3Capillaries
A single layer of endothelial cells basement
membrane A few connective tissue (pericytes)
Continuous capillary Fenestrated
capillary Sinusoid
4Capillaries
Continuous C.
Fenestrated C.
Sinusoid
5Continuous capillary
- distributed in muscle tissue, brain, lung and
- connective tissue, etc.
- endothelial cell large number of pinocytotic
- vesicles, no pores, exist cell junctions
- between the endothelia
- basement membrane integrity
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7Continuous capillary
8Fenestrated capillary
- distributed in the kidney glomerulus, mucosa
- of gastrointestine, some endocrine glands
- endothelial cells present abundant pores, have
- or havent diaphragm on them
- basement membrane continuous
9Fenestrated capillary
10Sinusoid
- distributed in liver, spleen, and some
- endocrine glands
- a greatly enlarged diameter
- endothelial cell intercellular clefts are large
- between cells, many pores without diaphragm
- absence of a continuous basement membrane
11Sinusoid
12Artery
- transport blood from heart to capillaries
- according to their size, structure
- and function
Large artery Medium-sized artery Small
artery arteriole
are classified
13Medium-sized artery
Endothelium Subendothelial layer LCT Internal
elastic lamina clear
Tunica intima
Tunica media contain 1040 layers of circular
smooth muscle
External elastic lamina LCT contain vasa vasorum
Tunica adventitia
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15Medium-sized artery
16Large artery
- elastic artery
- subendothelial layer is thicker with a few
- smooth muscles
- tunica media is thick, contains a lot of
circular - elastic membrane
- internal and external elastic lamina are not
- distinguished
- tunica adventitia are thiner
17Large artery
18Small artery
- muscular artery and peripheral resistance
- vessel
- internal elastic lamina is clear, while
- external elastic lamina is not distinguished
- the media contains 39 layers of smooth
- muscles
19Vein
- large lumen, thin wall, irregular
- internal and external elastic lamina are not
clear - tunica media is thin, with a few elastic fibers
and - smooth muscles
- tunica adventitia is thick
- some veins have valves
20Heart
- a muscular organ that contracts
- rhythmically
- pump blood through the circulatory
- system
21The wall of heart
Endothelium Subendothelial layer Subendocardial
layer
- myocardium thickest layer, consists of
cardiac muscle
LCT contain adipose tissue Methothelium
22Impulse generating and conducting system of the
heart
- Pacemaker cells heartbeat generating
- Purkinje cells (bundle cell)
distributed in subendocardial layer, larger than
cardiac muscle cells
- Transitional cells transmit impulse
23Purkinje cell
Cardiac cell