CIRCULATORY SYSTEM A

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEMAP 4

• By Angie Lawson RN, BSN

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HEARTS LAYERS COVERINGS

• Endocardium- innermost layer
• Myocardium middle layer, muscle tissue
• Epicardium outermost layer, cont. with
  pericardium
• Pericardium sac the heart lies in

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HEARTS CHAMBERS

• Right Atrium thin walled receives
  unoxygenated blood
• Right Ventricle- sends unoxygenated
  blood to the lungs
• Left Atrium- receives oxygenated blood from
  lungs
• Left Ventricle- thickest chamber sends oxygenated
  blood to the body

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HEART VALVES(Purpose Keep blood flowing forward)

• Atrioventricular Valves between the atrium
  ventricles
• Tricuspid valve right AV valve
• Bicuspid valve mitral valve
• Semilunar Valves between the ventricles and
  main arteries
• Pulmonic valve (pulmonary)
• Aortic valve

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BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE HEARTRight
atriumTricuspid valveRight ventriclePulmonic
semilunar valvePulmonary arteryPulmonary
arteries R LPulmonary capillariesFour
pulmonary veinsLeft atriumBicuspid valveLeft
ventricleAortic semilunar valveAorta
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CORONARY BLOOD SUPPLY

• Right Coronary Artery
• Left Coronary Artery
• Left Anterior
• Descending
• Circumflex Artery
• Coronary Veins
• Coronary Sinus

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CARDIAC CONDUCTION

• Sinoatrial Node (SA)
• Atrial Conducting Fibers
• Atrioventricular Node (AV)
• His-Purkinje System

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ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

• P Wave
• QRS Complex
• T Wave
• P-R Interval

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CARDIAC CYCLE

• Atrial Systole atrium contract
• Ventricular Systole ventricles contact, atrium
  relax
• Diastole both the ventricles and atrium relax

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CARDIAC OUTPUTCO HR X SV

• HR Heart Rate
• SV Stroke Volume

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TYPES OF CIRCULATION

• Pulmonary
• Systemic

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BLOOD VESSELS

• Arteries
• Capillaries
• Veins

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BLOOD VESSEL WALLS

• Tunica Intima
• Tunica Media
• Tunica
• Adventitia

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VESSELS IN ORDER

• Arteries conductance vessels
• Arterioles resistance vessels
• Capillaries- exchange vessels
• Venules- capacitance vessels
• Veins larger venules

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SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION ARTERIES

• Aorta
• Branches of the
• Aorta
• Ascending aorta
• Aortic arch
• Descending aorta
• Thoracic aorta
• Abdominal aorta

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SYSTEMIC CIRCULATIONVEINS

• Venae Cavae
• Superior
• Inferior

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SUPERIOR VENAE CAVAE

• Cephalic vein
• Basilic vein
• Median cubital vein
• Subclavian vein
• Internal juglar vein
• Brachiocephalic vein
• Azygos vein

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INFERIOR VENAE CAVAE

• Tibial vein
• Peroneal vein
• Posterior tibial vein
• Femoral vein
• External iliac vein
• Common iliac vein
• Great saphenous vein
• Renal Hepatic vein

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SPECIAL CIRCULATIONS

• Head Neck
• Head Brain
• Liver Hepatic Portal
• Fetal

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HEAD NECK ARTERIES

• Common carotid arteries
• External carotid arteries
• Internal carotid arteries
• Vertebral arteries
• Basilar artery
• Circle of Willis

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HEAD BRAIN VEINS

• Internal jugular vein
• External jugular vein

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LIVER HEPATIC PORTAL CIRCULATION

• Portal vein
• Superior mesenteric vein
• Splenic vein
• Inferior mesenteric vein

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FETAL CIRCULATION

• Umbilical vein (1)
• Umbilical arteries (2)
• Placenta - serves as
• the lungs

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BLOOD PRESSURE

• Systolic pressure
• Diastolic pressure
• Pulse pressure

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DETERMINING B/PB/P CO X VR

• CO Cardiac Output
• VR Vascular Resistance

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BARORECEPTOR REFLEX

• Receptors
• Sensory nerves
• Medulla oblongata
• Motor nerves

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WHY CAPILLARIES WORK

• Thin walls
• Holes in walls
• Slow flow
• Diffusion
• Filtration-osmosis