1 Order Thysanura

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1- Order Thysanura

• Species
• North America 50
• World 700
• Families
• North America - 4

• Thysanura refers to bristletails.
• (thysan, bristle or fringe ura, tail)

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Thysanura

• Bristletails are small to moderate sized.
• Wingless insects with 3 slender tail like
  appendages long slim antennae.
• Body is gray, brown, or white usually covered
  with scales.
• They have chewing mouth parts
• Nymphs undergo an ametabolous type of development.

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2- Order Collembola

• Species
• North America 650
• World 3,600
• Families
• North America - 7

• Collembola refers to collophore.
• (coll, glue embola, wedge or peg)

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Collembola

• Collembola are small (less than 6mm)
• Wingless
• Have an unique ventral tube on the 1st. abdominal
  segment often a forked, springing organ
  (furcula) on the 4th. Abdominal segment.
• They have chewing mouthparts.
• Have an ametabolous type of development.

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3- Order Ephemeroptera

• Species
• North America 622
• World 2,200
• Families
• North America - 18

• Ephemeroptera
• (ephemero, short lived, for a day ptera,
  wings)

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Ephemeroptera

• Winged insects with 2 to 3 long, thread like
  filaments projecting from the tip of the abdomen.
• Range from 2-32mm in length.
• Most have 4 membranous wings.
• The hind wings are much smaller or absent.
• Wings are held together upright over the body.
• A Hemimetabolous type of development. (incomplete
  metamorphosis)

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4- Order Odonata

• Species
• North America 413
• World 5,000
• Families
• North America - 11

• Odonata refers to the toothed mandibles
• (odon, tooth)

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Odonata

• Adults are moderate to large predaceous insects.
• Big compound eyes, 4 abundantly veined wings, and
  long slender bodies.
• A Hemimetabolous type of development. (incomplete
  metamorphosis)
• The order Odonata is divided into 2 suborders
  (Anisoptera dragonflies and Zygoptera
  damselflies)

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5- Order Orthoptera

• Species
• North America 1,200
• World 15,000
• Families
• North America - 10

• Orthoptera Refers to straight wings.
• (ortho, straight ptera, wings)

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Orthoptera

• Most are medium to large.
• Enlarged hind legs adapted to jumping.
• Front wings thickened usually narrow.
• Hind wings are membranous and broad.
• Chewing mouth parts.

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6- Order Isoptera

• Species
• North America 39
• World 2,200
• Families
• North America - 4

• Isoptera refers to equal wings.
• (iso, equal ptera,wings)
• This order is the termites.

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Isoptera

• Small to medium.
• Feed on wood or other dead plant material.
• Chewing mouthparts.
• Live in colonies consisting of 3 common social
  castes (reproductive, worker, soldier)

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7- Order Plecoptera

• Species
• North America 470
• World 1,750
• Families
• North America - 9

• Plecoptera refers to the folded posterior region
  of the resting hind wing.
• (pleco, twisted or braided ptera, winged)

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Plecoptera

• Stoneflies are small to medium (4-60mm).
• Have 4 membranous wings that at rest are held
  flat over the abdomen.
• Front wings are narrower than hind wings.
• The expanded anal lobes of the hind wings are
  often folded fanlike at rest.
• Long antennae are slender many segments.
• Chewing mouthparts.
• Hemimetabolous type of development.

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8- Order Dermaptera

• Species
• North America 18
• World 1,100
• Families
• North America - 6

• DermapteraRefers to skin wings
• (derms, skin ptera, wings)
• This order is earwigs

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Dermaptera

• Small to medium 4-26mm.
• Elongated insects with a pair of forcepts like
  appendages, the cerci, at the tip of the abdomen.
• Sclerotized front wings are very short, veinless,
  meet in a straight line down the back.
• Rounded hind wings folded beneath the front .
• Chewing mouthparts.

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9- Order Thysanoptera

• Species
• North America 600
• World 5,000
• Families
• North America - 5

• Thysanoptera refers to fringed wings.
• (thysano, fringe ptera, wings)
• This order is the thrips.

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Thysanoptera

• Minute .5-5mm long.
• Elongated insects that may be wingless or have 4
  narrow wings fringed with long hair.
• Antennae are short.
• Mouthpart form a short, conical proboscis used
  for sucking liquids.
• 1 or 2 segmented tarsi.

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10- Order Hemiptera

• Species
• North America 11,500
• World 56,000
• Families
• North America - 75

• Hemiptera refers to half wings.
• (hemi, half ptera, wings)

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Hemiptera

• This order is divided into 2 suborders, sub order
  Herteroptera (true bugs) and suborder Homoptera
  (cicadas, aphids, scale insects, and ect..)
• Piercing-sucking mouthparts.
• Usually 4 wings.
• Size ranges from 1-over 100mm.
• May be soft or hard bodied.
• Winged or wingless.

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11- Order Homoptera

• Species
• North America
• World
• Families
• North America -

• Neuroptera neuro, nerve ptera, wings

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Homoptera

• Antennae very short and bristlelike tarsi
  3-segmented
• Antennae usually long and filiform tarsi 1 or 2
  segmented.
• Antennae arising from front of head between eyes
  or in front of eyes.

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12- Order Neuroptera

• Species
• North America 338
• World 4600
• Families
• North America - 15

• Neuroptera neuro, nerve ptera, wings.
• Dobsonflies, Alderflies, Snakeflies, Lacewings,
  Antlions, Matispids, and Others.

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Neuroptera

• Weak-flying insects with four similar,
  membranous, large wings containing many
  longitudinal veins and crossveins.
• Adults and larvae have chewing mouthparts and
  feed on other insects, insect and spider eggs,
  and mites.

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13- Order Coleoptera

• Species
• North America 28,000
• World 300,000
• Families
• North America - 113

• Coleoptera refers to sheath wings.
• (coleo, sheath ptera, wings)
• This order is the Beetles.

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Coleoptera

• The largest order of insects.
• Thickened front wings that are leathery and soft
  or hard and brittle.
• Sizes are from 1-200mm.
• Elytra usually meet in a straight line along the
  middle of the back cover most of the longer,
  folded, membranous hind wings.
• Chewing mouthparts.

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14- Order Trichoptera

• Species
• North America 1,200
• World 10,000
• Families
• North America - 18

• Trichoptera Tricho, hair ptera, wings.

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Trichoptera

• Adults ingest liquid food such as nectar and live
  one to two months.
• The complete life cycle requires about one year.
• Adults of most species are inactive during the
  day.
• Females deposit many hundreds of eggs in
  gelatinous strings or masses.

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15- Order Lepidoptera

• Species
• North America
• World
• Families
• North America -

• Lepidoptera lepido, scale ptera, wings.

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Lepidoptera

• Adult Lepidoptera are small to large insects with
  minute, often powdery-like scales that cover the
  wings and body of most species.
• The compound eyes are large and the antennae are
  long.
• The proboscis is extended to suck up liquid food
  and coiled when not in use.

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16- Order Diptera

• Species
• North America 1,800
• World 90,000
• Families
• North America - 106

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Diptera

• Flies are characterized by a single pair of
  membranous wings attached to an enlarged
  mesothorax.
• Flies range in size from less than 1 mm in
  length, to 75 mm.
• The compound eyes are often large.
• Food consists chiefly of nectar.

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17- Order Siphonaptera

• Species
• North America 275
• World 2,100
• Families
• North America - 7

• Siphonaptera siphon, tube aptera, wingless

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Siphonaptera

• Adult fleas are bloodsucking ectoparasites of
  mammals and to a lesser extent, birds.
• Adults range in length from 1-10 mm although most
  are less than 5 mm.
• Wings are absent and the body is laterally
  compressed giving a distinct flattened
  appearance.
• The antennae are short, 3-segmented structures
  which usually fit into grooves on the head.

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18- Order Hymenoptera

• Species
• North America 17,100
• World 110,000
• Families
• North America - 74

• Hymenoptera hymeno, membrane ptera, wings

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Hymenoptera

• Range from some of the smallest known insects to
  large specimens 75 mm or more in length.
• Most species have four membranous wings are
  smaller than the front wings and are attached to
  the front wings by a row of tiny hooks on the
  anterior margin.
• Mouthparts are used for chewing, or for both
  chewing and sucking.

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19- Order Mecoptera

• Species
• North America 67
• World 451
• Families
• North America - 5

• Mecoptera meco, long ptera, wings

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Mecoptera

• Scorpionflies are small to medium sized, slender
  insects that typically have a distinctly
  elongated face.
• The face projects downward and terminates with
  chewing mouthparts.
• Adults feed primarily on dead insects.

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20- Order Anoplura

• Species
• North America 70
• World 490
• Families
• North America - 5

• Anoplura anopl, unarmed ura, tail

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Anoplura

• They are small, wingless, blood-feeding insects
  that are external parasites of mammals.
• The body is flat and the head is narrower than
  the prothorax.

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21- Order Mallophaga

• Species
• North America 700
• World 2,900
• Families
• North America - 8

• MallophagaRefers too wool eat.
• (mallo, wool phaga, eat)

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Mallophaga

• Small .5 11mm.
• Flat bodied.
• Wingless.
• External parasites.
• Mouthparts modified for chewing.

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Order Diplura

• Species
• North America 75
• World 500
• Families
• North America - 3

• Diplura refers to two tails
• (dipl, two ura, tail)

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Diplura

• Diplurans are small (usually less than 7mm)
• Pale insects that possess two caudal filaments
  and 1 segmented tarsi
• No wings, compound eyes, or scales
• Mouthparts are a chewing type

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Order Phasmida

• Species
• North America 27
• World 2,025
• Families
• North America - 1

• Phasmida refers to apparition, phantom

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Phasmida

• Large 12-178mm.
• Wingless in the U.S.
• Antennae are long and slender.
• Prothorax is short.
• Mesothorax metathorax are very enlongated.
• Legs are long and slender.

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Order Dictyoptera

• Species
• North America 80
• World 5,500
• Families
• North America - 6

• Dictyoptera refers to net wings.
• (dicty, net ptera, wings)

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Dictyoptera

• Medium to large
• Enlarged pronotum, legs modified for running.
• 5 tarsi segments.
• Front wings are thickened the large hind wings
  are membranous and folded.
• Chewing mouthparts.
• Nymphs have a hemimetabolous type of development.

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Order Grylloblattodea

• Species
• North America 11
• World 17
• Families
• North America - 1

• Grylloblattodea
• (gryll, cricket blatta, cockroach)

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Grylloblattodea

• Adults are wingless.
• 15-30mm long.
• Antennae are moderately long.
• Legs have 5 segmented tarsi.
• American species have long cerci with 9 segments.
• The ovipositor is sword shaped.

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Order Embioptera

• Species
• North America 11
• World 200
• Families
• North America - 3

• Embioptera refers to lively wings.
• (embio, lively ptera, wings)

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Embioptera

• Small 4-7mm.
• Usually brown.
• 4 equal wings have alternating brown pale
  longitudinal bands.
• Antennae are slender and 16-32 segments.
• Rapid runners.
• Tarsi are 3 segmented

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Order Zoraptera

• Species
• North America 2
• World 24
• Families
• North America - 1

• Zoraptera refers to pure wingless.
• (zor, pure apters. Wingless)
• Originally they were taught to be all wingless,
  later that was no the case.

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Zoraptera

• Minute insects 1.5 3mm.
• Have either 4 wings or wingless.
• Wings have only few veins.
• Hind wings are smaller than the front.
• Antennae are 9 segments.
• Tarsi are 2 segments

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Order Psocoptera

• Species
• North America 270
• World 2,200
• Families
• North America - 11

• Psocoptera (psoco, rub small refers to chewing
  food into powder pters , wings

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Psocoptera

• Small less than 6mm.
• Winged or wingless.
• 4 membranous wings usually held rooflike over the
  abdomen.
• Chewing mouthparts.

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Order Protura

• Species
• North America 20
• World 152
• Families
• North America - 3

• 1. Apterygota without wings.
• 2. Protura Refers to the pointed, terminal
  segments of the abdomen.
• (prot, first ura, tail)

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Protura

• Proturans are minute (.5-2.0 mm)
• Whitish insects that lack wings, compound eyes
  and antennae.
• Have a cone shaped head containing
  piercing-sucking mouthparts.
• Styli occur on the underside of the first 3
  abdominal segments
• The immatures have an ametabolous type of
  development.