Inland marine shrimp aquaculture

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Inland marine shrimp aquaculture

• Kevin FitzsimmonsUniversity of Arizona
• 3rd National Aquaculture Extension Conference
• Tucson Arizona
• April 2003

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Introduction

• Demand for domestic (wild farmed) shrimp
• Avoid pathogens and parasites
• Brackish water aquifers
• Inland farms in Texas, Florida, Alabama and
  Arizona
• Maximize water use

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Reported benefits

• No diseases from infected stocks
• Niche market demand
• Effluent water used to irrigate crops
• Shrimp culture has provided a boost in
  sophistication of aquaculture production in the
  state

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Shrimp research at University of Arizona

• Shrimp research started in early 1970s
• Continues to present
• Worked with AZ farmers to rear Specific Pathogen
  Free (SPF) broodstocks
• Production was so good, farmers decided to try
  growout
• First ponds in Aztec and Gila Bend

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Shrimp farm in Sonora, Mexico
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Shrimp farm in Hawaii

• Superintensive
  (recirculating controlled environment system)

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Arizona shrimp farm systems

• Extensive Semi-intensive Intensive.

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Arizona farm systems

• 1. Extensive culture in large ponds
• 2. Intensive culture in small ponds
• 3. Intensive culture in lined ponds
• 4. Semi-intensive culture in unlined ponds

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Arizona shrimp production
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Arizona Mariculture
0.04 ha tilapia ponds
0.1 ha shrimp ponds
5.0 ha shrimp ponds
Hatchery tanks and nursery ponds
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Shrimp Stage 1

• Acclimation unit - PLs from 30 ppt to 3 ppt

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Shrimp Stage 2

• Nursery pond
• Environmental control - covered ponds
• Acclimate to farm well water - 1.5 to 3 ppt

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Shrimp Stage 3

• Growout ponds (0.1 to 10 ha)
• Very low exchange rate
• Fed high quality diet with mineral supplements
  (Az blend)

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Tilapia in supply reservoir
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Arizona results

• Intensive shrimp yield - 20,000 kg/ha 2,000 kg in
  0.1 ha ponds (five months)
• Semi-intensive yield - 7,000 kg/ha 7,000 kg in
  1.0 ha pond (five months)
• Extensive yield - 2,000 kg/ha2,000 kg in 1.0 ha
  pond (five months)
• Tilapia yield - 2,400 kg in 0.04 ha ponds (eight
  months)

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Shrimp effluent on crops

• Low salinity effluent can be used on certain
  conventional crops with proper cultivation
  techniques.

Sorghum
Olives
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Conclusions

• Still experimental
• Production growing
• Developed local nutritional blend
• Developed local demand for live and fresh product

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Thank you for your interest

• Questions ????