A Nation Divides

1
A Nation Divides

• The Election of 1860
• The South Reacts
• The Civil War Begins

2
The Election of 1860

• Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln
• Democrats split
• Northern Democrats Stephen Douglas
• Southern Democrats John Breckenridge
• New party named Constitutional Union Party chose
  John Bell (moderate who wanted to keep the Union)
• Lincoln was elected as President.

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4
The South Reacts

• Southerners believed that the election of Lincoln
  meant the South no longer had a voice in
  government
• Senator John Crittenden of KY made a last effort
  for a compromise but it did not work

5
States Rights

• In Dec. of 1860, South Carolina became the first
  state to secede (break away from Union)
• 1861- Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana,
  Mississippi, and Texas also seceded.
• Formed the nation the Confederate States of
  America
• Jefferson Davis became their president.

Do states have the right to secede?
6
The Civil War Begins!

• When Lincoln took office he said, In YOUR hands,
  my dissatisfied fellow-countrymen, and not in
  MINE, is the momentous issue of civil warWe are
  not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies.
  Though passion may have strained, it must not
  break our bonds of affection. Lincoln, First
  Inaugural Address
• What does he mean?
• Civil War war between people of the same
  country.

7
Fort Sumter

• Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12, 1861)
• Confederates demanded that Fort Sumter surrender
• Union troops refused
• Confederates opened fire
• April 13 Union surrendered
• Started the 4 year war
• 4 more states join the Confederacy
• after the Battle of Fort Sumter
• (AK, TN, VA, NC)