Structure and Function of the Mitochondria

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Structure and Function of the Mitochondria
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Structure of Mitochondria

• Organelle with two membranes
• Found in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
• In humans all of your mitochondria come from your
  mother
• Have their own DNA

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Structure is a double membrane with many folds on
the inner membrane
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Function of the Mitochondria

• Powerhouse of the cell
• Convert chemical energy stored in food into forms
  that the cell can use
• Site of cellular respiration

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Cellular Respiration

• C6H12O6 6O2
• 6CO2 6H2O
• Memorize this formula
• In words The bonds in Sugar are broken apart.
  Energy is released and Carbon Dioxide and water
  are given off as waste

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• The energy released is not directly usable by the
  cell.
• It is used to convert ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)
  to ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

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Energy
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• When ATP releases the phosphate energy is
  released that the cell can use

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Endosymbiotic Hypothesis

• Symbionts live together in a situation in which
  both benefit
• Get this mitochondria have their own DNA and
  ribosomes

• They also divide just like bacteria
• Sooo it could be that mitochondria are bacteria
  that invaded eukaryotic cells.
• Both would benefit

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All of your mitochondrial DNA came originally
from your mother.