Immune system

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Immune system

• Ben, lyssa and Lindsay

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Terms to know

1. Immunity- Ability of the body to protect itself
   from foreign substances and cells, including
   disease causing agents
2. Inflammatory Response- Tissue Response to injury
   that is characterized by redness, pain and
   swelling
3. Histamine- Substance produced by basophils in
   blood mast cells in connective tissue that causes
   capillaries to dilate
4. Mast Cells- Connective tissue cells that
   releases histamine in allergic reactions
5. Chronic Inflammation- Slow progressive
   inflammation of connective tissue, usually causes
   permanent damage
6. Macrophages- Large phagocytic cell derived from
   a monocyte that ingests microbes
7. Cytokines- Type of protein secreted by a
   lymphocyte that attacks viruses, virally infected
   cells and cancer cells
8. Natural Killer Cells- Lymphocyte that causes an
   infected or cancerous cell to burst
9. Interferon- Antiviral agent produced by an
   infected cell that blocks the infection of
   another cell

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Nonspecific defenses

• Nonspecific defenses occur automatically because
  they are innate however, no memory is
  involvedthere is no recognition that the same
  intruder has been attacked before. Barriers to
  entry, the inflammatory response, phagocytes and
  natural killer cells and protective proteins are
  types of nonspecific defenses

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Cell-mediated immunity

• Named for the action of T-cells that directly
  attack diseased cells and cancer cells.
• Other T-cells release cytokines that stimulate
  both nonspecific and specific defenses.
• T-cells are formed in red bone marrow before they
  migrate to the tymus, a gland that secretes
  thymic hormones
• These hormones stimulate T-cells to develop
  T-cell receptors

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Types of T-cells

• CytotoxicThey have storage vacuoles containing
  perforins and enzymes called granzymes
• Helper- Help coordinate specific and nonspecific
  defenses
• Memory- Remember former antigens

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Whats it look like?

• ? Macrophage
• ? Mast Cell

? Natural Killer Cell attacking a Cancer Cell