ADOLESCENCE

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ADOLESCENCE

• Cognitive Development, Identity, Vocational
  Choice

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ADOLESCENCEFORMAL OPERATIONS

• 1. Formal operations mental actions on ideas
• 2. Can think logically systematically about
  abstract hypothetical objects, events,
  situations

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ADOLESCENCEFORMAL OPERATIONS (CONT)

• 3. Can contemplate possibilities rather than
  realities
• 4. Hypothetical-deductive reasoning generate all
  possible hypotheses systematically test
  predictions

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DEVELOPMENT OF FORMAL OPERATIONS

• begins with reasoning about alternatives
• then reasoning about possibilities
• starts in areas of interest

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Limitations in Adolescent ReasoningLack of
practical experience

• Nothing bad can happen to me
• Driving too fast
• Drinking
• Drugs
• Sex
• Vandalism
• Delinquency

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Potential Implications of Formal Operational
Thought

• Confusion because of new-found ability to
  question.
• Rebellion because of ability to detect
  inconsistencies flaws in the world.
• Idealism because of the ability to imagine
  perfectly logical solutions to world problems
  that are difficult to implement in our imperfect
  real world.

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Other potential changes

• Adolescent egocentrism, or trouble distinguishing
  ones own thoughts feelings from those of
  others
• Imaginary audience, or confusing ones own
  thoughts with those of a hypothesized audience
  for your behavior

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DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

• IDENTITY Who am I? What do I think?
• about values
• about priorities
• about religion
• about politics
• about our society
• about relationships
• about work

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Identity Formation

• GOAL
• Authentic and genuine
• Fit with social relationships and society
• Satisfied

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DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS ofIDENTITY FORMATION

• 1. Crisis
• Confusion
• Search
• 2. Commitment
• This is the real me, This is what I really think

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Influences on Identity Formation During
Adolescence

• 1. Cognitive development Formal operational
  thought
• Can imagine consider possible future identities

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Influences on Identity Formation During
Adolescence (Cont)

• 2. Relationships with parents
• Warm, supportive
• Coercive, domineering
• Permissive
• Neglectful

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Influences on Identity Formation During
Adolescence (Cont)

• 3. Social experiences outside the home
• Exposure to diverse ideas people
• Encouragement to think independently

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Influences on Identity Formation During
Adolescence (cont.)

• 4. Broader social historical context
• Culture affects its development
• For example, whether or not developing a separate
  identity is even valued.

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PARENTS ADOLESCENTS

• 1. Adolescents depend on their parents
• Myth Adolescents are totally independent
• 2. Adolescents listen to their parents
• Myth Adolescents listen only to their peers
• 3. Adolescents love their parents
• Myth All adolescents rebel

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Advice to Parents of Adolescents

• Yes, you will have disagreements
• About home responsibilities and schoolwork
• With girls more than boys
• Girls about emotional issues
• Boys about practical issues

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WORKDecisions about occupations

• VOCATIONAL CHOICE An effort to find an optimal
  fit between ones self-concept or personality
  occupational opportunities.
• Questioning
• Exploring
• Experiencing
• A wide range of possibilities

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Process of vocational choice

• 1. FANTASY STAGE
• Wishes whims
• Status
• Fun

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Process of vocational choice

• 2. TENTATIVE STAGE
• Interests
• Capacities
• Values

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Process of vocational choice

• 3. REALISTIC STAGE a.
  Realities of job market
• Disadvantaged youth
• Minority youth
• Women

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Process of vocational choice

• 3. Realistic Stage b.
  Requirements of occupational qualification
• Educational attainment
• Skills
• Credentials

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Age-ism Age Discrimination on the Job

• 1. Stereotypes old, inflexible, unproductive
• 2. Discrimination passed over for promotions,
  not hired, make less money
• 3. Research as or more productive, innovative
  more reliable, miss less work, stick with company
  longer

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LAST NAME, first name

• 1. What is the big advance in formal operational
  thinking?
• 2. What is the big limitation in formal
  operational thinking?
• 3. What is the developmental task in identity
  formation?
• 4. What are the steps to vocational decision
  making?