The Scientific Revolution

1
The Scientific Revolution

• Section 6-1

2
The Roots of Modern Science

• Before 1500 most scholars referred to the Bible
  or Greek and Roman texts as the final authority
  in regard to knowledge
• The geocentric theory was established by
  Aristotle and said that all other heavenly bodies
  revolved around the Earth

3
The Scientific Revolution

• The new way to think about the natural world that
  was based on careful observations and a
  willingness to question accepted beliefs
• The explorations that happened because of the
  Renaissance showed Europeans new peoples and
  animals on other continents

4
The Heliocentric Theory

• Created by Nicolas Copernicus
• Stated that the planets and other stars revolved
  around the sun
• Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler came up with new
  additions to the idea and supported it
  mathematically

5
Galileo

• Wrote Starry Messenger a book that built on the
  new theories about astronomy
• Jupiter had 4 moons, the sun had dark spots, and
  that he supported Copernicus
• These statements got him in trouble with the
  church because they went against church teachings
• Even thought Galileo retracted his statements the
  church still imprisoned him for the rest of his
  life

6
The Scientific Method

• A logical procedure for gathering and testing
  ideas
• Problem from an observation gt a hypothesis gt
  experiment gt analyze reach a conclusion
• This process was developed by Francis Bacon and
  Rene Descartes

7
Descartes VS. Bacon

• Rene Descartes states that math was the way to
  deal with problems in science
• Francis Bacon says that a person must experiment
  in order to solve problems
• Both said that the old assumptions should be
  thrown out and the new ideas used

8
Sir Isaac Newton

• Stated that the same force ruled all matter on
  Earth and in space and that all objects are
  attracted to each other, that attraction depends
  on the mass distance
• In The Mathematical Principles of Natural
  Philosophy Newton said that the universe was like
  a clock and God was the clock maker that set
  everything in motion

9
Inventions and Innovations

• Zacharias Janssen 1st microscope
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek examined red blood cells
  for the 1st time and examined bacteria
• Evangelista Torricelli 1st mercury barometer
• Gabriel Fahrenheit system for gauging
  temperature
• Anders Celsius another system for gauging
  temperature
• Andreas Vesalius 1st to dissect a human corpse
  to observe human anatomy
• Robert Boyle introduced the ideas that matter
  was made up of smaller primary particles that
  joined in different ways