BELLWORK

1
BELLWORK

• Look at the map on page 131 and answer the
  following questions about Westward expansion
• When was Tennessee settled? Iowa?
• Where was a majority of the unsettled territory?
• Why do YOU think Westward expansion was so
  appealing? In other words, why would people want
  to relocate to the Western U.S.?
• Make a prediction ? What problems do you think
  settlers will encounter on their quest for
  Western land?
• THINKER Do you think population growth is a big
  problem in our society today? EXPLAIN! How can a
  growing population impact the a country? (EX
  environment, jobs, economy, government, etc).

2
Americas Growing Population

• In 1780, 2.7 million people lived in the 13
  states.
• By 1830, 12 million people lived in 24 states.
• Average American woman had five children.
• Half of Americas population was under 17.
• Many people felt that in order to achieve success
  within a huge population they would have to move
  West.

3
Migrating West of the Appalachians
4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
Population growth in America by decade

1840 17,069,453
1850 23,191,876
1860 31,443,321
1870 38,558,371
1880 50,189,209
1890 62,979,766
1900 76,212,168
1910 92,228,496
1920 106,021,537
1930 123,202,624
1940 132,164,569
1950 151,325,798
1960 179,323,175
1970 203,211,926
1980 226,545,805
1990 248,709,873
2000 281,421,906
2010 308,745,53
1610 3,800
1620 4,100
1630 4,600
1650 50,400
1670 111,900
1690 210,400
1700 250,900
1720 466,200
1740 905,600
1750 1,170,800
1770 2,148,100
1780 2,780,400
1790 3,929,214
1800 5,308,483
1810 7,239,881
1820 9,638,453
1830 12,866,020
7
Manifest Destiny

• From sea to shining sea
• Belief that the United States was destined to
  expand across the North American continent.
• Used to justify war with Mexico and taking over
  Native American land.

8

• http//thesocietypages.org/graphicsociology/2011/0
  5/13/center-of-us-population-us-census-1790-2010/

9
The Louisiana Purchase

• In 1803, President Jefferson sent James Monroe to
  buy all of the Louisiana Territory from France
  for 15 million.
• This nearly doubled the size of the U.S.
• Next, President Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis
  and William Clark to lead explorations of the new
  territory.
• Lewis and Clark traveled all the way to the
  Pacific Ocean, while creating the first completed
  map of the U.S.
• Their detailed reports and maps sparked the
  interest of Americans and caused thousands of
  families to move West.

10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
(No Transcript)
14
Manifest Destiny

• Florida Ceded (given) to the United States as a
  part of the Adams - Onis Treaty in 1819
• Oregon (1846)- Russia, France, Britain and the
  United States all had claims in the area.
• The U.S. negotiated with the countries and
  established the boundary at 42-north latitude.

15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
Manifest Destiny

• Texas - American settlers had come to Texas and
  built plantations and farms.
• Settlers asked Mexico for permission to establish
  their own independent state.
• Mexicans refused
• Texas declared herself independent
• 1845 Texas was annexed by the United States and
  became the 28th state.

18
Manifest Destiny

• Mexican Cession (1848) - Tensions between America
  and Mexico were high.
• Congress declared war and the US demolished the
  weaker Mexican army. (Mexican-American War)
• The treaty that ended the war gave the US
  California, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico

19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
Manifest Destiny

• Gadsden Purchase (1853) US purchased Southern
  Arizona and New Mexico to build a railroad to the
  West coast

22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
Manifest Destiny - Discussion

• Do you think the Americans accomplished their
  goal of Manifest Destiny? Why or why not?
• Did the U.S. have the right to declare war on
  Mexico in order to obtain land?
• What purchase/gain of land do you think was the
  most valuable?
• As Americans move west, whos land are they
  really taking over?

25
Conflict with Native Americans

• Settlers views of land and resources
  contradicted with Native American traditions.
• Both groups felt they had fair claim to the
  Western region and Great Plains because they held
  numerous resources.
• When the U.S. Government did not do anything to
  stop this conflict, Native Americans in Ohio
  formed a confederation to halt white settlement.
• Eventually, the Ohio Confederation lost their
  battle and were forced to give up much of their
  land.

26
The Shawnee and Cherokee Solutions

• Shawnee Solution urged the Shawnee to stop
  eating, drinking, fighting like the Whites.
• Later, this became a political message of Native
  American pride, power, and unity.
• Cherokee Solution Try to live in peace with the
  Whites.
• The Cherokee built roads, collected taxes,
  adopted Christianity, and created their own legal
  code.
• Both of these solutions attracted other N.A., but
  eventually, white settlers took over and forced
  them onto reservations federal lands set aside
  for their inhabitance.

27
(No Transcript)
28
Native American Removal

• When President Jackson came to power in 1824 he
  authorized the largest Native American removal in
  history.
• Trail of Tears forcible relocation of Indians
  from the eastern U.S. to Oklahoma.
• On the way, 4,000 of the 15,000 Indians died of
  diseases and starvation.

29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
Nation Population east of the MI River before removal treaty Removal treaty(year signed) Years of major emigration Total number emigrated or forcibly removed Deaths during removal
Choctaw 19,554 Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830) 18311836 12,500 2,0004,000 (Cholera)
Creek 22,700 Cusseta (1832) 18341837 19,600 3,500 (disease after removal)
Chickasaw 4,914 Pontotoc Creek (1832) 18371847 over 4,000 500800
Cherokee 21,500 New Echota (1835) 18361838 20,000 2,0008,000
Seminole 5,000 Payne's Landing (1832) 18321842 2,833
32
(No Transcript)
33
CLOSURE

• What was the Louisiana Purchase? Why was it
  beneficial to the U.S.?
• Who were Lewis and Clark?
• What was the U.S.-Mexican War?
• What was the Ohio Confederation?
• What was the difference between the Shawnee and
  Cherokee solutions?

34
Horrible Histories The 19th Century

• We are going to read a chapter from the book
  Horrible Histories
• This is a cartoon-portrayal of Westward Expansion
  and Native American removal.
• There are 15 questions at the end that you will
  answer on your OWN SHEET OF PAPER!

35
HOMEWORK Make-up

• If you were not in class today, you are going to
  read about the court case Worcester v. Georgia.
• This case was a turning point for Native
  Americans as the Cherokee Tribe was kicked off
  their land by President Jackson.
• Read pages 136-139 and answer the questions
• Why do you think President Jackson favored
  Cherokee removal? Do you agree with this?
  Explain!
• What was the outcome of the court case? Why did
  this change?
• If the Cherokee had defended their land, what
  would they have risked?