BELLWORK

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BELLWORK

1. What do you think Lincolns view on slavery was?
2. As you know, the Union was anti-slavery, so why
   would Lincoln say if I could save the Union
   without freeing any slave I would do it?
3. If abolishing slavery was not his main concern,
   what was?

• In 1862, Lincoln wrote a letter to NY Tribune
  editor, Horace Greeley
• My paramount object in this struggle is to save
  the Union, and is not either to save or to
  destroy slavery. If I could save the Union
  without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I
  could save it by freeing all the slaves I would
  do it and if I could save it by freeing some and
  leaving others alone I would also do that.

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The Civil War

• Lincolns Goals
• preserve the Union
• keep the border states on the side of the Union
• keep foreign countries from helping the
  Confederacy

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Secession
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Ft. Sumter

• Union military base in SC
• Confederate army captures it on April 12, 1861
• Causes VA, AK, NC TN to secede and join the
  Confederacy

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Involvement of Black Troops
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First Battle of Bull Run

• Fought on July 21, 1861 in Virginia
• First major battle of the Civil War
• Union wanted control of Confederate capital in
  Richmond
• Confederacy won, even though they were heavily
  outnumbered
• Huge setback for the Union

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Battle of Shiloh

• Fought April 6/7, 1862 in Shiloh, TN.
• Confederacy launched a surprise attack on Grants
  Union camp
• Confederacy won the first day
• Union won the second day
• 20,000 troops were killed or wounded
• Made Americans realize that this war would last
  longer than expected.

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Battle of Antietam

• September 17, 1862
• General Lee moved Confederate troops into MD, so
  the Union wanted to stop their advance.
• Union won, but it became the bloodiest day in US
  History
• 23,000 casualties
• This victory made Britain reluctant to aide the
  Confederacy.

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Battle of Gettysburg

• July 1-3, 1863 in Gettysburg, PA
• General Lee tried to invade the North
• Turning point of the Civil War
• Ended Lees invasion of the North
• Union won, but both sides lost a lot of men.
• Confederates 28,000
• Union 23,000

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Gettysburg Address

• November 19, 1863
• President Lincoln visited the battle site to
  dedicate a cemetery to honor the soldiers that
  died in the Battle of Gettysburg.
• Promised the Union would eventually join together
  and give everyone equality!

It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the
great task remaining before usthat from these
honored dead we take increased devotion to that
cause for which they gave the last full measure
of devotionthat we here highly resolve that
these dead shall not have died in vainthat this
nation, under God, shall have a new birth of
freedomand that government of the people, by the
people, for the people, shall not perish from the
earth.
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Battle of Vicksburg

• The only city in MS that remained under
  Confederate control by May 1863
• Union General Grant ordered a siege of the city
  and surrounded Confederate troops.
• Supplies were nearly gone and no reinforcements
  arrived for 40 days.
• Forced a Confederate surrender
• Last major battle of the Civil War

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America the Story of Us Civil War

• The Civil War was the first conflict fought after
  the Industrial Revolution, so it is often
  referred to as the first modern war.
• For the video, you will take notes on the
  modernization of the U.S. and advances made in
• Technology
• Communication
• Transportation

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U.S. Naval Involvement

• Timber clad ? Ironclad
• Submarines
• Torpedoes
• Blockades

General Winfield Scotts Anaconda Plan
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Civil War Generals
North Ulysses S. Grant South Robert E. Lee
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Towards the End of War

• On January 1, 1863 Lincoln signed the
  Emancipation Proclamation declared freedom for
  enslaved people in parts of the Confederacy.
• Grant enacted a scorched earth policy troops
  burned farmland, and cities in order to destroy
  the enemys food, shelter and supplies.

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End of Civil War

• On April 9, 1865 General Grant (N) had General
  Lees (S) troops surrounded in VA.
• Lee surrendered
• Terms of surrender
• Confederate soldiers were NOT prosecuted for
  treason
• Soldiers could keep their horses
• Union provided food to Confederate soldiers.

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End of Civil War

• The Union celebrated their victory all throughout
  the North.
• Highest deaths of any U.S. war
• 360,000 Union soldiers
• 375,000 Confederate soldiers
• The Civil War ended when the South surrendered,
  but the war was far from over. It left
  devastation and destruction all throughout the
  nation.

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After Effects of the Civil War

• Physical destroyed 2/3 of Souths shipping
  industry and 9,000 miles of railroads. It ruined
  farm land, farm buildings, farm machinery,
  animals, livestock, bridges, canals and
  factories. The value of Southern property
  decreased 70.
• Humans destroyed a whole generation of young,
  healthy men.
• One out of three southern men were killed or
  wounded.

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After Effects of the Civil War

• Postwar South
• Black Southerners 4 million freed slaves were
  starting a new life. As slaves, they received
  food and shelter. Now, they found themselves
  homeless, unemployed, and starved.
• Plantation Owners Planters lost slave labor
  worth 3 billion. The government seized 100
  million in land and cotton.
• Poor White Southerners high unemployment rate
  because of competition, many started moving West

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Reconstruction

• The Confederates had been defeated and their
  homes were completely destroyed.
• Charleston, SC was described as a city of ruins,
  of desolation, of empty houses, of widowed women,
  of rotting docks, of deserted warehouses, of weed
  wild gardens, of acres of pitiful barrenness.
• Between 1865 and 1877 the federal government
  implemented reconstruction which was a program to
  repair the damage to the South and restore
  southern states to the Union.
• This program was extremely controversial.

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Reconstruction

• The debate over Reconstruction centered around
  three issues
• Under what terms were the former Confederate
  States to be readmitted to the Union, and who
  should establish those terms Congress or the
  President?
• Who should be punished for the rebellion and how?
• What was to be done, if anything, to aid the
  newly freed slaves?