6th Grade Vocabulary Cards

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6th Grade VocabularyCards
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Rock Cycle

• Continuous process by which rocks are
• formed, altered,
• destroyed
• and morphed by
• geological processes

3
Crust

• The outer
• layer of
• the earth

4
Uplifting
The lifting of land by forces in Earths crust
5
Sedimentary Rock

• The compacting and
• cementing
• of sediment

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Metamorphic Rock

• Heat and pressure inside Earth squeeze
• and melt
• existing
• rocks

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Igneous Rock

• When magma or lava cools and
• becomes
• solid

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Marble

• A metamorphic rock resulting from the
  metamorphism of limestone

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Water Cycle

• A cycle in which water moves
• through the environment, through
• the processes
• of evaporation,
• condensation,
• and precipitation

10
Subduction

• Subduction is the process in which one plate is
  pushed downward beneath another plate into the
  underlying mantle when plates
• move
• towards
• each other.

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Mantle

• A layer of Earth laying just
• below the crust
• and above
• the core

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Core

• Earths layer below the mantle, the
• inner core is the
• innermost part of
• Earth and is
• Made of solid iron
• and nickel

13
Axis

• The imaginary line passing
• through the center of a planet
• (such as Earth) that
• the planet spins
• around

14
Rotation

• Spinning of a planet,
• moon, sun, or
• other object,
• around its axis

15
Orbit

• The path an object in space follows as it
  revolves around another object, such as Earth
  around the sun or a satellite around Earth

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Revolution

• One orbit of an object in
• space around
• another object in space such
• as the moon
• around the Earth

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Lunar Phases
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Lunar Cycle

• Regular changes
• in the Moons
• appearance as
• we see from
• Earth

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Waxing

• Moon phases from
• new moon to full
• moon, as the lit
• surface seen from
• Earth grows larger

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Waning

• Moon phases from
• full moon to new
• moon, as the lit
• surface seen
• from Earth gets
• smaller

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State of Matter
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Matter

• The material that all objects and
• substances are made of anything
• that has mass
• and takes up
• space

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Density

• Amount of mass (g) in a given
• volume (cm3) of
• a substance or
• object found by
• dividing the mass
• of the object by
• its volume

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Physical Property
Property of matter that can be observed without
changing the composition or identity of the matter
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Physical Change

• Occurs when one or more physical
• properties of a substance are
• changed many
• physical changes
• can be undone by
• physical means

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Chemical Change

• Occurs when one or more
• substances are changed into
• new substances with
• different properties
• cannot be undone by
• physical means

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Melting Point

• Temperature at which a
• substance
• changes from
• the solid state
• to the liquid state

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Boiling Point

• Temperature at which a
• substance changes
• from a liquid state
• to a gaseous
• (vapor) state

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Law of Conservation of Matter

• The mass of what
• you end with is
• always the same
• as the mass of
• what you start
• with.

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Non-renewable Resource

• Natural resources that cannot
• be replaced within
• our lifetime,
• such as oil, coal,
• natural gas, and
• minerals.

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Renewable Resource

• Natural resources that can
• be renewed
• or replaced by
• nature, such as
• food crops and
• solar energy

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Inexhaustible Resource

• Natural
• resources
• that can never
• be use in their
• entirety

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Potential Energy

• Stored energy
• an object has
• because of its
• position or
• shape.

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Kinetic Energy

• energy due to the
• motion
• of an
• object

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Energy

• the ability to do work

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Thermal Energy

• Heat energy

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Radiant Light/Energy

• Energy
• of
• light

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Chemical Energy

• energy that
• is stored in
• chemicals

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Nuclear Energy

• Energy contained in the
• center, or
• nucleus of
• an atom

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Electrical Energy

• Form of energy that
• consists of a
• flow of electric
• charges
• through a
• conductor

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Law of Conservation of Energy

• States that energy cannot be
• created or destroyed, it can
• only change form
• or be transferred

42
Abundant

• present in
• great
• quantity
• well
• supplied

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Minimal

• barely adequate
• or the least
• possible

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Conserve

• Save to use or manage
• (natural resources) wisely

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Average Speed

• The average distance
• traveled
• per hour
• of time

Speed Distance / Time
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Force

• A push or pull
• Force has size and direction

4 N
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Acceleration

• A change in speed, a change in direction or both

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Gravity

• the pull that
• all matter
• exerts on
• other matter

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Friction

• a force that resists motion
• between
• two touching
• surfaces

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Balanced Force
Forces that cancel each other out There is no
change in motion
4 N
4 N
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Unbalanced Force

• Forces that do not cancel each
• other
• If the force is opposite, but unequal
  (unbalanced) the object will move in the
  direction of the stronger force.

4 N
6 N
2 N
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Distance

• the difference between the final
• position and the starting (initial)
• position
• (It depends
• on the entire
• path you
• traveled.)

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Constant Speed
Speed that remains constant or stays the same
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Motion

• Motion is always described
• relative to some reference point.
• All motion involves
• a change of
• position.

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Graph
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Velocity

• speed in a particular
• direction

East
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Inertia

• An objects tendency to resist
• changing its motion
• The more inertia an object has, the
• harder it is to start the object
• moving or
• slow it down.

Which is easier to move?
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Mass

• The amount of matter in
• something measured in
• grams (g)

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Magnetism

• The attractive or repulsive force that acts
  between magnetic materials

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Cell

• A cell is the basic unit of
• structure and
• function in all
• living things.

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Tissue

• a group of similar cells working together

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Organ
a group of tissues working together to perform
special functions
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Organ System
many organs working together to do a specific job
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Organism
A living thing
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Population

• All the members
• of a species living
• in a particular
• area at a
• particular time

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Work

• Occurs when a force is
• used to move
• an object
• through a
• distance

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Mechanical Advantage

• A description of how many
• times a simple
• machine multiplies
• the force put into it

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Simple Machine

• A device that makes work
• easier by changing the size
• or direction of
• the force
• applied to it

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Pulley

• A simple machine consisting
• of one or more wheels with
• a rope wrapped
• around them

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Lever1st,2nd, 3rd Class
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Wheel Axle

• Simple machine made of a
• shaft (the axle)
• inserted through
• the middle of a
• circle (the wheel)

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Inclined Plane

• Simple machine that
• consists of a flat, sloping
• surface (ramp)

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Friction

• Force that resists the
• motion of two
• surfaces that
• are touching
• each other

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Gravity

• The force of
• attraction
• between
• any two
• objects

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Newton

• SI unit of force

4 N
4 N
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1st Law of Motion

• An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted
  on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion
  will stay in motion at the same speed and in the
  same direction unless acted on by an unbalanced
  force.

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Wedge

• a solid block that is thick at
• one end and thin
• at the other,
• used to secure or
• separate two
• objects

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Screw

• A simple machine consisting
• of an inclined plane
• wrapped around a
• cylinder

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Weathering

• Process by which water, wind,
• and ice wear down rocks and
• other exposed surfaces includes
• chemical and
• mechanical
• weathering

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Mechanical Weathering

• Breaking up of
• rock by physical
• forces, such as
• the action of
• wind and
• moving water

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Chemical Weathering

• Wearing away of rocks by
• chemical processes, such
• as oxidation
• or dissolving

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Erosion

• Movement of weathered
• rock
• (sediment) by
• wind, water,
• ice, or gravity

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Deposition

• Process by which wind,
• water, and
• gravity leave
• eroded
• sediments in
• new locations

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Sediment

• Small pieces of material that
• have broken off
• of ricks and have
• been deposited
• by water, wind,
• or ice

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Dune

• A hill or ridge of
• wind-
• blown
• sand

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Glacier

• A large mass of ice and snow
• that exists
• year-round
• and is involved
• in erosion

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Agents of Erosion

• Means or instrument
• of erosion like wind,
• water,
• or glaciers

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Catastrophic Event

• natural or man-made situations
• where change and destruction
• may occur without prior knowledge
• or preparation. May
• cause limits to
• Normal functions in
• daily living including
• communications and
• travel.

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Volcano

• Hill or mountain formed by
• material that erupts onto
• Earths surface
• caused by
• action of magma
• below surface

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Magma

• Molten rock that makes up
• Earths mantle
• and becomes
• igneous rock
• when it cools

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Equilibrium

• a state of rest or
• balance due to
• the equal
• action of
• opposing forces

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Lava

• Molten rock material pushed
• up from a volcano or crack in
• the Earth magma
• that has reached
• the surface

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Earthquake

• Energy waves passing
• through Earth, caused by
• sudden shift along a
• fault line, or by
• volcanic activity

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Fault

• Crack within Earths rocky
• crust, where
• rock has been
• fractured, and
• where rocks move
• past each other

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Tsunami

• A giant, dangerous surge of ocean
• water triggered
• by an undersea
• landslide,
• earthquake,
• or volcanic
• eruption

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Resource

• A supply of something
• that can be used

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Investigation

• an examination or
• inquiry into something

98
Hypothesis

• An idea that
• can be tested
• by experiment
• or observation

99
Data

• Collected information, the results of
• an experiment or other investigation

Year Population
1998 203
2002 198
2006 150
2010 142
100
Volume

• Amount of space an
• object or substance
• takes up measured
• in mL or cm3

101
Weight

• A measure of the force of
• gravity on an object

102
Data Table

• An organizer used to record
• and organize data

103
Bar Graph

• Graph that uses
• bars of different
• lengths to
• compare data

104
Bias

• The influence of a
• persons beliefs or
• wishes on their
• opinions and
• interpretations

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Line Graph

• A graph that uses points
• connected by lines
• to show how
• something changes
• in value (as time
• goes by, or as
• something else happens).

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Evidence

• A thing or things
• helpful in forming
• a conclusion or
• judgment

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Ligaments

• Connective tissue that
• holds bones
• together at
• many joints

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Tendons

• Connective tissue that
• attaches
• skeletal
• muscle to
• bone

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Capillaries

• Smallest vessel in the circulatory system
• site of nutrient and gas exchange between
• blood and body cells

110
Hormones

• A chemical released by
• a gland controls a
• specific body function

111
Skeletal System

• Bones and cartilage that
• support a
• vertebrates
• body

112
Muscular System

• All the muscles of
• the body, especially
• those involved in
• movement

113
Digestive System

• Organ system
• that breaks down
• food into
• substances the
• body can use, and
• absorbs these
• substances

114
Respiratory System

• Organ system that takes
• oxygen into the
• body and
• releases carbon
• dioxide and
• water

115
Circulatory System

• Organ system that
• transports needed
• substances
• throughout the body
• and carries away
• wastes

116
Nervous System

• System of organs and
• tissues that controls
• and coordinates the
• bodys activities

117
Endocrine System

• System of organs
• that controls the
• body activities
• through chemical
• messengers
• (hormones)

118
Immune System

• System that
• protects the
• body against
• disease

119
Integumentary System
120
Excretory System

• Organ system
• that removes
• wastes from
• the body

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Homeostasis

• Keeping conditions
• constant inside
• the body, as in
• keeping a steady
• body temperature

122
Artery

• A vessel in the circulatory
• system that carries
• blood away from
• the heart

123
Veins

• In the circulatory system,
• vessel that carries blood
• toward the heart

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Trait

• a quality or characteristic
• that is genetically
• determined

125
Genes

• Segment of DNA, found on a
• chromosome, that determines
• the inheritance
• of a particular trait

126
Alleles
Aa AA aa

• a pair of genes
• That determine
• a specific trait

127
Dominant Trait

• In a pair of alleles, the one that,
• if present, determines the trait
• It will cover or mask
• the recessive allele

DD or Dd
128
Recessive Trait

• A recessive allele is one that is
• covered up or masked if a
• dominant allele is
• present.
• If two recessive alleles
• are present, then the
• recessive trait will be
• seen.

dd
129
Ecosystem

• All the living populations in an
• area along with
• the nonliving
• parts of that
• environment

130
Producer

• Organism that
• makes its own
• food, such as
• a plant

131
Consumer

• An organism
• that feeds on
• other organisms

132
Decomposer

• Simple organism, such as
• bacteria or fungus, that
• breaks down dead organisms
• and waste, returning
• important nutrients
• to the environment

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Herbivore

• An animal
• that feeds
• only on
• plants

134
Carnivore

• An animal
• that feeds
• on other
• animals

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Omnivore

• An animal that
• feeds on both
• plants and
• animals

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Prey
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Predators
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Radiant Energy
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Chlorophyll
140
Photosynthesis
141
Chemical Energy
142
Food Chain
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Food Web
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Biomass
145
Biome
146
Climate
147
Biodiversity
148
Ecological Succession
149
Primary Succession

• the earliest phase of ecosystem development.
• Primary succession begins with the initial
  colonization of barren soil or bedrock by pioneer
  species.

150
Secondary Succession
151
Pioneer Species

• organisms, usually plants, that colonize barren
  rock or lava during primary succession.
• Lichens, mosses, ferns, and weeds are often
  pioneer species.

152
Climax Community
153
Element
154
Symbol
155
Equation
156
Periodic Table
157
Mixture
158
Speed

• Distance divided by time speed

159
Energy Transformation
160
Photovoltaic Cell
161
Turbine
162
Generator
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Geothermal Energy
164
Solar Energy
165
Hydroelectric Energy
166
Full Moon

• The illuminated
• half of the
• moons surface
• is seen from
• Earth

167
New Moon

• The phase of the moon
• where the moon is
• between the Sun and
• the Earth and only the
• dark side of the moon is
• visible from Earth