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The English Renaissance

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Title: Slide 1 Author: Mark Brunson Last modified by: wilson.brunson Created Date: 4/12/2005 2:58:43 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The English Renaissance


1
The English Renaissance
  • 1485-1625

2
Key Characteristics
  • Religious devotion now focuses on a persons
    place here on earth rather than just the
    afterlife.
  • Universities broaden studies to include the
    humanities (history, modern languages, etc).

3
Key Characteristics (2)
  • The printing press was invented by Johann
    Gutenburg.
  • More and more writers began writing in the
    vernacular English.

4
Major Developments
  • The Age of Exploration (New World!)
  • The Protestant Reformation

5
Tudor Monarchs
  • 1. Henry VII
  • 2. Henry VIII (six wives two of whom were
    beheaded)
  • 3. Edward VI (died at age 15)
  • 4. Mary I (known as Bloody Mary)
  • 5. Elizabeth I

6
Stuart Monarch
  • 1. James I (James VI in Scotland)

7
Literature of the Era
  • Poetry mainly the sonnet and lyric poetry.
  • Drama came into full bloom.
  • 1. Tragedies
  • 2. Comedies

8
Literature of the Era (2)
  • Prose The most monumental prose achievement
    was The Bible (King James Version), which was
    commissioned to be translated into common English
    by King James I.

9
The Seventeenth Century
10
The Seventeenth Century
  • The English Renaissance is divided into two
    sections
  • 1. The rise of England under the Tudors
  • 2. The decline of England under the Stuarts.

11
Stuart Monarchy
  • During the Stuart monarchy there were two main
    problems
  • 1. Religious unrest Anglican Church vs.
    Puritans (Roundheads) How far should the
    Reformation go?

12
Stuart Monarchy (2)
  • 2. Political unrest Royalists (Cavaliers) vs.
    Puritans (Roundheads) - How much authority should
    the monarch have? Divine Right of Kings or not?

13
James I
  • 1603 Elizabeth I, the last of the Tudors, died.
    James I, King of Scotland, a Stuart, ascended to
    the throne of England. The reign of James I
    (Snotty Scot) was known as the Jacobean Age
    (Jacobean the Latin version of James).

14
James I (Contd)
  • James I believed in the Divine Right of Kings.
    He had ruled Scotland for 36 years. His reign
    united England and Scotland under one crown.

15
James I Significant Facts
  • He wore padded clothes because he feared being
    stabbed.
  • Jamestown, Virginia named for him.
  • He wrote about demonology.
  • He condemned the smoking of tobacco.

16
James I Significant Facts (2)
  • Shakespeare wrote Macbeth in honor of the king.
    The length of the play and the inclusion of
    witches as characters reflected the playwrights
    consideration of the kings preferences and
    interests

17
Immigration
  • 1620 The first immigration of pilgrims to the
    New World took place on the Mayflower.

18
Charles I
  • 1625 Charles I (Chopped Charlie), son of
    James I, became king.

19
Charles I Significant Facts
  • He perceived himself as high and mighty no
    one sat in his presence (arrogance).
  • He was at the forefront of all portraits so as
    to appear taller (vanity).
  • He sought money from the Puritan-controlled
    Parliament to fight France and Spain.

20
Charles I Significant Facts (2)
  • He abused his power.
  • He was forced to sign the Petition of Right,
    which said that he could have no money without
    the consent of Parliament.

21
Charles I Significant Facts (3)
  • Charles I did not honor the Petition of
    Right, and he dissolved the Parliament, which
    began a civil war between the Royalists and the
    Puritans.

22
Charles I Significant Facts (4)
  • He was arrested, and then he was condemned to
    death by one vote.
  • 1649 Charles I was beheaded.

23
Charles I Execution Facts
  • On the day of his execution, Charles I wore
    extra clothes, so he would not shiver in the
    cold. He did not want anyone to believe he was
    afraid. His arrogance and vanity would not permit
    that possibility.
  • His head was sewn back on, so the family could
    grieve.
  • Snow fell on his coffin during the funeral
    procession which some felt was a sign of his
    innocence.

24
The Commonwealth
  • 1649 - The Commonwealth was established under
    the leadership of Oliver Cromwell who was named
    Lord Protector.

25
The Commonwealth (2)
  • Under the Commonwealth the theatres were closed.
  • For the Royalists, the period between kings was
    called the Interregnum.

26
The Restoration
  • 1660 The end of the Protectorate. The crown
    was offered to the son of Charles I who became
    Charles II (Cheerful Charlie). The time was
    called the Restoration.

27
Charles II
  • Charles II had a great interest in science.
    While studying the heavens, ravens left a
    calling card on his telescope. He wanted to
    have them killed, but a superstition prevented
    this.

28
Charles II (Contd)
  • It was said that the crown would fall if ravens
    ever left the tower, so he moved his telescope to
    Greenwich.

29
Two Tragedies
  • The Plague (100,000 died in 6 months).
  • The Great Fire burned four-fifths of London.

30
James II
  • 1685 James II (Dim Jim) succeeded his
    brother as king. He was a Catholic, as was his
    son, and when he tried to return the country to
    Catholicism, he was deposed without bloodshed.

31
James II (2)
  • James II fled to France during this Glorious
    Revolution.
  • 1688 William and Mary were invited to take the
    crown.

32
The Act of Settlement
  • 1701- The Act of Settlement was passed by
    Parliament that said Britain would never be ruled
    by a Catholic monarch.

33
Literature of the Period
  • 1. Metaphysical (beyond the physical)
  • 2. Cavalier (carpe diem)
  • 3. Puritan

34
Metaphysical Poetry
35
Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry
  • Precise, witty, and intellectual like trying to
    figure out a riddle.
  • Written for the aristocracy or well-educated.

36
Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry (2)
  • Brief and concentrated in its meaning.
  • Centered on dramatic situations.
  • Fondness for conceits complex figures of
    speech (extended metaphors) that compare two
    seemingly dissimilar things.

37
Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry (3)
  • Basis of comparison is surprising.
  • Use of paradox apparent contradictions that
    are true.
  • Use of hyperbole (exaggeration).

38
Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry (4)
  • Draws on specialized areas of experience to
    describe love.
  • Law
  • Medicine
  • Philosophy
  • Religion

39
Metaphysical Poets
  • John Donne - leader
  • Herbert
  • Marvell
  • Vaughan

40
John Donne Life was a Paradox
  • Early he was worldly, and he focused on
    witty, love poetry while pursuing a career in
    government.
  • Later he became religious, and as a serious
    preacher, he focused on serious verse.

41
Cavalier Poetry
42
Characteristics of Cavalier Poetry
  • Witty, elegant poetry written for song and dance.
  • Focused on the theme of carpe diem (Latin for
    seize the day).

43
Cavalier Poets
  • Leader Ben Jonson others were called sons of
    Ben.

44
Puritan Writers
45
Puritan Writers
  • John Milton Paradise Lost (1667) an epic
    poem written to explain the ways of God to men.
    Milton is considered the greatest writer of the
    seventeenth century.

46
Puritan Writers (2)
  • John Bunyan Pilgrims Progress (1678) an
    allegorical novel of a Christians progress from
    this world to the next.

47
THE END
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