ISLAM

1
ISLAM
EQ What are some key beliefs of Islam?
2
History

• Originated in Arabia in 622CE
• Muhammad, born in Mecca in 570CE spreads the
  message of Islam
• 622CE Muhammad his followers leave Mecca
  make their hijra

3
Life of Muhammad (570-632CE)

• An Arab born in Mecca (a city in todays Saudi
  Arabia)
• A merchant, married, had children
• Didnt like Arabs worshipping idols
• The angel, Gabriel, commands Muhammad to spread
  the message of Islam (he becomes Gods greatest
  prophet)

4
Hijra/Hegira

• hijra the journey from Mecca to Medina (aka
  Yathrib)
• Muhammad had to make this journey because Meccan
  merchants wanted to kill him
• Muslim converts in Medina welcomed Muhammad
• The religions grows because of this Hijra

5
Muslim Beliefs

• Followers of Islam are called Muslims
• FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM 5 basic duties
• 1. Belief in one compassionate all-powerful
  God, Allah
• 2. Pray 5 times a day
• 3. Give to the poor
• 4. Fast from dawn to dusk during the holy month
  of Ramadan
• 5. Make a pilgrimage to Mecca

6
Facts About Islam

• Sacred text Quran (Koran)
• Islams sacred scriptures
• Guide to life for Muslims
• Final authority on any topic or situation
• Sharia body of laws
• developed by Muslim scholars
• These laws cover all aspects of life
• Able to unite Muslims of various backgrounds

7
Spread of Islam

• Caliph successors to Muhammad
• The 1st caliph is Abu Bakr, who succeeds Muhammad
  in 632CE
• Muslims are ruled by caliphs from 632 into the
  900s - this period is called the caliphate
• Muslim world expands during the caliphate
• Mid-East -N. Africa
• Spain -Sicily
• S.E. Asia -India

8
Spread of Islam How/Why?

• Over 3 continents
• Military conquests, skilled fighters
• Build trading empires
• Trade considered an honorable occupation
• Treat conquered peoples fairly
• Many of those conquered convert to Islam
• Islam appeals because it focuses on honesty,
  social justice, and generosity

9
Describe a major belief of each of the following
belief systems.

• Judaism
• Christianity
• Islam

• Hinduism
• Buddhism
• Confucianism
• Taoism

10
5 Pillars

• Fold your paper into 5 sections
• Put the 5 pillars in order one in each section
• List the pillar draw an example of the pillar

11

• http//news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/09/09
  10_muslimkids.html
• http//news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/10/ph
  otogalleries/InsideMecca/index.html