ISLAM

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ISLAM

• WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

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ISLAM

• RECALL THE RELIGIONS DISCUSSED.
• RELIGIONS OR BELIEF SYSTEMS
• HINDUISM
• JUDAISM
• ZOROASTRIANISM
• BUDDHISM

• CONFUCIANISM
• DAOISM
• LEGALISM
• JAINISM
• CHRISTIANITY
• 1 RCC
• 2 EOC
• 3 MYRIAD (MANY) PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS (GROUPS)
• ISLAM

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ISLAM

• SSWH5 The student will trace the origins and
  expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and
  1300 CE.
• Explain the origins of Islam and the growth of
  the Islamic Empire.
• Identify the Muslim trade routes to India, China,
  Europe, and Africa and assess the economic impact
  of this trade.
• Explain the reasons for the split between Sunni
  and Shia Muslims.
• Identify the contributions of Islamic scholars in
  medicine (Ibn Sina) and geography (Ibn Battuta).
  

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ISLAM

• Describe the impact of the Crusades on both the
  Islamic World and Europe.
• Analyze the impact of the expansion of the Mongol
  Empire include the stabilization of trading
  networks from China to the Mediterranean world.
• Analyze the relationship between Judaism,
  Christianity, and Islam.

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ISLAM

• 1monotheistic and Abrahamic religion
• 2Qur'an (KORAN), a text considered by its
  adherents to be the verbatim word of God, Allah)
• 3the teachings and example of Muhammad, the
  last prophet of God and founder of religion
• 4adherent of Islam is called a Muslim

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• The majority of Muslims are Sunni, being 7590
  of all Muslims
• second largest sect, Shia, makes up 1020
• WHAT ARE MOST POPULATED MUSLIM MAJORITY NATIONS?
• Indonesia home to 12.7
• Pakistan (11.0)
• Bangladesh
• Egypt (4.9)
• Sizable minorities are also found in India,
  China, Russia, and parts of Europe
• 1.6 to 1.7 billion followers or 22 to 24 of
  earth's population
• second-largest and one of the fastest-growing
  religions in the world
• SUBMISSION TO THE WILL OF ALLAH, MEANING

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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

• WHAT ARE THE FIVE PILLARS?
• (1) the shahadah (creed) THERE IS ONE GOD, ALLAH,
  AND MUHAMMED IS HIS PROPHET
• (2) daily prayers (salat) PRAY 5 TIMES DAILY,
  FACING HOLY CITY OF MECCA
• (3) almsgiving (zakah)
• (4) fasting during Ramadan, HOLY MONTH
• (5) the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once
  in a lifetime
• The Shia and Sunni sects both agree on the
  essential details for the performance of these
  acts.

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• The Kaaba, in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, is the center
  of Islam. Muslims from all over the world gather
  there to pray in unity.

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ORIGINS

• FOUNDER MUHAMMED
• 570-632
• trader later becoming a religious, political, and
  military leader
• Muslims do not view Muhammad as the creator of
  Islam, but instead regard him as the last
  messenger of God, through which the Qur'an was
  revealed
• Muslims view Muhammad as the restorer of the
  original, uncorrupted monotheistic faith of Adam,
  Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets
• In Muslim tradition, Muhammad is viewed as the
  last in a series of prophets
• During the last 22 years of his life, beginning
  at age 40 in 610 CE, according to the earliest
  surviving biographies, Muhammad reported
  revelations that he believed to be from God
• The content of these revelations, known as the
  Qur'an, was memorized and recorded by his
  companions
• During this time, Muhammad preached to the people
  of Mecca, imploring them to abandon polytheism

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• Al-Masjid al-Nabawi
• (the Mosque of the Prophet) Medina, Saudi Arabia
• 2nd most sacred Mosque in Islam,

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• ISLAM SPREAD ALONG ROUTES OF TRADE AND CONQUEST
  TO INDIA, CHINA, PARTS OF EUROPE AND AFRICA

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• SUNNI MUSLIMS BELIEVE that the first four caliphs
  (LEADERS) were the rightful successors to
  Muhammad
• God (ALLAH) did not specify any particular
  leaders to succeed him, those leaders had to be
  elected
• Sunnis believe that a caliph should be chosen by
  the whole community

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• SHIA MUSLIMS BELIEVE that Muhammad did not
  appoint a successor
• the prophet appointed his son-in-law, Ali ibn Abi
  Talib, as his successor
• Ali ibn Abi Talib was the first Imam (leader),
  rejecting the legitimacy of the previous Muslim
  caliphs since they were not appointed by the
  prophet
• Shias believe that the political and religious
  leadership of Imams come from the direct
  descendants of Muhammad and Ali
• To most Shias, an Imam rules by right of divine
  appointment and holds "absolute spiritual
  authority" among Muslims, having final say in
  matters of doctrine and revelation

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FAMOUS MUSLIMS

• IBN SINA
• IBN BATTUTA