Appendicular Skeleton

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Appendicular Skeleton

• Bones of limbs.
• Thoracic limbs (front leg)
• Scapula
• Humerus
• Radius
• Ulna
• Carpal bones
• Metacarpal bones
• Phalanges
• Pelvic Limbs (back leg)
• Pelvis
• Ilium
• Ischium
• pubis
• Femur
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Tarsal bones
• Metatarsal bones

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Appendicular Skeleton (limb bones)

• Thoracic Limb
• Scapula
• Humerus
• Radius
• Ulna
• Carpal bones (carpus)
• Metacarpal bones
• Phalanges

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Scapula

• Most proximal bone of the thoracic limb.
• Flat and triangular.
• Has prominent ridge on lateral surface referred
  to as the _____________.
• The distal end forms portion of ball and socket
  shoulder joint called the ______________ cavity.

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Humerus

• Long bone of upper arm/brachium
• Articulates with the _________ proximally and the
  _______ and _______ distally
• Has head at proximal end with a large greater
  tubercle for muscle attachment.
• Condyle at distal end is composed of trochlea
  (medial/ulna), capitulum (lateral, radius),
  medial and lateral epicondyles (medial and
  lateral/ no articulations)
• _____________ fossa is proximal to the condyles
  on the caudal surface of the humerus
• Is not the funny bone

5

• One of two bones that form the antebrachium.
• Proximally, forms major portion of elbow joint
  with distal end of the ____________.
• Articulates distally with the ________ (except in
  the horse).
• Point of the elbow olecranon process
• Trochlear _________ concave articular surface
  that makes elbow secure.
• Proximal end of trochlear notch forms a
  beak-shaped ______________ process.
• tucks into the olecranon process of the humerus
• Distal end of trochlear notch forms the two
  ________________ processes.
• Styloid process forms the distal end of the ulna.

Ulna
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Radius

• Main weight bearing bone of the antebrachium.
• Articulates with _________ and ulna proximally,
  and the _______ distally.
• ___________process articulates with carpus.

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Carpal Bones

• Carpus has _______ rows of bones.
• Is the _______ of the most animals, knee of
  horses
• Proximal row bones have names
• radial carpal bone, intermediate carpal (if
  present) ulnar carpal bone, accessory carpal bone
• Distal row bones numbered medial to lateral
• (1st carpal, 2nd carpal, etc)

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Metacarpal Bones

• Articulate proximally with the carpal bones and
  distally with the phalanges of the digits.
• Numbered from _________ to _________ (dewclaw
  being number 1 in dogs and cats).
• Horses have one large metacarpal III bone
  (__________ bone) and two non-weight bearing
  metacarpal II IV bones (___________ bones).
• Cattle have fused metacarpal bones (III IV)
  with a groove dividing them

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EQUINE
BOVINE
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Phalanges (singular phalanx)

• Each digit is made up of two or
  three______________ (proximal, middle, distal)
• In horses phalanges are also called the long and
  short pastern bones and coffin bone.
• Horses and cattle have proximal and distal
  sesamoid bones.
• Distal sesamoid in horse navicular bone
• Horses have one weight-bearing digit (III) and
  cattle have two (III IV)
• Dogs and cats have an _____________ crest that
  surrounds the claw.

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EQUINE PHALANGES
LONG PASTERN
SHORT PASTERN
COFFIN BONE