Appendicular Skeleton

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Appendicular Skeleton
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Appendicular Skeleton

• 126 bones suspended by girdles from axial
  skeleton
• Designed for movement
• Pectoral girdle 4 bones
• Upper extremity -Arm 1 bone
• - forearm 2 bones
• - hand wrist, palm fingers 27
  bones each

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• Pelvic Girdle 2 bones
• Lower Extremity leg 1 bone
• - lower leg 2 bones
• - foot ankle, instep
  toes 26 bones each
• - Patella 2 bones

• Pelvic or Hip Girdle
• Attaches the lower extremity to the axial
  skeleton
• Provides support for body weight

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Hip / Coxal bones ossa coxae, innominate bones
Ilium ASIS, PSIS Ischium - tuberosity Pubis -
rami Symphysis pubis Obturator foramen Acetabulum
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Lower Extremity

• Leg thigh femur
• Head
• Fovea capitis
• Neck
• Trochanters greater/lesser
• Condyles medial/lateral
• Epicondyles

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Lower Extremity

• Leg region between knee and ankle
• Fibula lateral bone
• Tibia medial bone
• Malleolus
• Condyles medial/lateral
• Tibial tuberosity

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Patella kneecap a flat, triangular sesamoid
bone Enclosed within the quadriceps tendon
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Ankle or Tarsus
Contains 7 tarsal bones Calcaneous heel
bone Talus Cuboid Navicular Cuneiforms lateral,
intermediate medial
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Foot

• Metatarsals not named, but numbered 1 5
  starting at medial side
• Toes phalanges or digits 3 bones proximal,
  distal middle for each toe, except big great
  toe which has 2 no middle phalanx

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Pectoral or Shoulder Girdle

• Clavicle collarbone S shaped bone most
  frequently fxd bone of body
• Scapula shoulder blade thin, flat, triangular
  bone.
• Acromion
• Spine
• Coracoid process
• Gleniod fossa/cavity

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Upper Extremity

• Arm brachium humerus
• Head
• Tubercles greater/lesser
• Epicondlyes medial/lateral
• Olecranon fossa
• Capitulum
• Trochlea

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Upper Extremity

• forearm region between elbow and wrist
• Ulna
• Olecranon process
• Radius
• head
• Styloid process

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Wrist or Carpus

• Contains 8 carpal bones
• Bound tightly by ligaments
• Arranged in 2 rows
• Scaphoid Trapezium
• Lunate Trapezoid
• Triquetral Capitate
• Pisiform Hamate

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Hand

• Metarcarpals not named, but numbered 1-5
  starting on lateral thumb side
• Fingers phalanges or digits 3 bones proximal,
  distal middle for each finger, except thumb,
  which has 2 no middle phalanx