Presentaci

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CLEANSED LIFE (2014-2015)
Project LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Innovative
integrated methodology for the use of
decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing
and road building
Carlos García Izquierdo. CEBAS-CSIC (PARTNER)
PARTNER CSIC (CEBAS-CSIC)
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OUR INSTITUT CEBAS-CSIC
Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del
Segura
CEBAS-CSIC (Murcia, Spain)
CEBAS
CAMPUS UNIVERSITARIO
CSIC
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Facilities (CEBAS-CSIC)
PILOT PLANT
CULTURE CHAMBERS
CEBAS LABORATORIES
EXOERIMENTAL FIELD
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CLEANSED (LIFE)
CEBAS-CSIC (CLEANSED)
Dr. Carlos Garcia Dra. Teresa Hernández Dr. J.
Moreno Dr. Felipe Bastida Lda. Mª Dolores
Coll Lda. Carmen Chocano Eva Andreu
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CLEANSED PROJECT
ACTION B and C

• ANALYSIS ON SAMPLES FROM CEBAS-CSIC
• Analysis on contaminated sediments (General
  analysis)
• and treated sediments

Chemical analysis pH, CE, OM, TOC, soluble
C Physical analysis Humidity, bulk density,
water holding capacity Toxicological analysis
Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb Nutritional and elemental
analysis N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, Fe Plant
phytotoxic test (Petri plate). Germination index
on 2 different seeds (Lepidium sativun and
Hordeum vulgare).
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SEDIMENTS AFTER TREATMENT ANALYSIS FROM
CEBAS-CSIC
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BULK DENSITY AND WATER CAPACITY CURVES (Physical
Parameters)
  Vol (ml) Wheigt (g) Density (g/ml)
Paspalum vaginatum PV 10 8,72 0,87
Controllo (no piante) C 10 8,84 0,88
TamarixPaspalum TP 10 8,9 0,89
SpartiumPaspalum SP 10 9,03 0,9
Phragmites P 10 9,55 0,96
OleanderPaspalum OP 10 9,05 0,9

  Water time Initial wheight 10 min 15min 20min 25min 35min
Paspalum vaginatum PV 3,5 Horas 30,328 30,104 29,991 29,892 29,849
Controllo (no piante) C 3 Horas 30,8345 30,403 30,137 30,0795 29,914
TamarixPaspalum TP 3 Horas 30,438 30,154 29,957 29,794 29,532
SpartiumPaspalum SP 3 Horas 30,305 29,9495 29,489 29,307 29,206
Phragmites P 3 Horas 29,735 29,293 29,071 28,9385 28,8135
OleanderPaspalum OP 3 Horas 30,063 29,7345 29,5285 29,34 29,2815
Balancing the air and water contents has been one
of the biggest problems facing greenhouse
growers. The substrate can greatly influence the
air and water content in the root zone. For this
reason, mixtures used in greenhouses are fairly
close in total porosity usually between 80 and
90.
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WATER HOLDING CAPACITY (WRC)
Samples wheight Humidity Dry samples WHC
Paspalum vaginatum PV 30,088 15,15 25,53 17,86
29,61 15,15 25,12 17,86
Controllo (no piante) C 29,613 16,62 24,69 19,93
30,215 16,62 25,19 19,93
TamarixPaspalum TP 29,42 17,25 24,34 20,85
29,644 17,25 24,53 20,85
SpartiumPaspalum SP 28,708 17,26 23,75 20,87
29,704 17,26 24,58 20,87
Phragmites P 28,51 17,27 23,58 20,88
29,117 17,27 24,09 20,88
OleanderPaspalum OP 30,031 14,78 25,59 17,35
28,532 14,78 24,31 17,35
WHC in sediments after treatment is between
17-20. Sediments could be mixed with other
residues in order to increase WHC
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pH and EC
Sediments after treatment Basic pH (gt8) and low
EC (lt300 microS/cm). Humidity between 14-20
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C AND NUTRIENTS IN SEDIMENTS
Total organic C was higher in Paspalum vaginatum,
TamarixPaspalum and Oleander Paspalum. Maybe
Paspalum increases the TOC and soluble organic C.
Soluble N is between 400-500 ppm in all samples.
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CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SEDIMENTS
Element groups (Ca, Al, Fe) gtgt (Mg, K, S, P, Na)
gtgtgt (Mn, Zn, Cr, Ti, Sr)
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CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SEDIMENTS
Cd could be the more toxic heavy metal
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ANIONS ON SEDIMENTS AFTER TREATMENT

Sample F- (mg/L) Cl- (mg/L) NO2- (mg/L) Br- (mg/L) NO3- (mg/L) PO43- (mg/L) SO42- (mg/L)
Paspalum vaginatum 0,20 2,30 0,13 lt0,05 7,88 1,05 47,23
Paspalum vaginatum 0,28 7,44 0,13 lt0,05 7,93 lt1,0 47,08
Paspalum vaginatum 0,34 3,10 0,19 lt0,05 7,28 lt1,0 61,28
Controllo (no piante) 0,04 1,40 0,19 lt0,05 13,21 lt1,0 38,65
Controllo (no piante) 0,41 10,96 0,22 lt0,05 11,35 lt1,0 39,95
Controllo (no piante) 0,40 5,08 0,19 lt0,05 11,04 lt1,0 32,60
Tamarix Paspalum 0,38 1,40 0,13 lt0,05 10,44 lt1,0 53,51
Tamarix Paspalum 0,41 lt1,0 0,20 lt0,05 10,62 lt1,0 55,85
Tamarix Paspalum 0,25 lt1,0 0,25 lt0,05 8,68 lt1,0 55,11
Spartium Paspalum 0,51 lt1,0 0,19 lt0,05 6,13 lt1,0 10,30
Spartium Paspalum 0,16 lt1,0 0,18 lt0,05 4,72 lt1,0 10,30
Spartium Paspalum 0,26 lt1,0 0,19 lt0,05 4,11 lt1,0 9,20
Phragmites 0,20 lt1,0 0,24 lt0,05 5,18 lt1,0 16,70
Phragmites 0,57 lt1,0 0,19 lt0,05 4,87 lt1,0 15,80
Phragmites 0,87 lt1,0 0,19 lt0,05 12,10 lt1,0 25,30
Oleander Paspalum 0,93 lt1,0 0,19 lt0,05 10,10 lt1,0 9,90
Oleander Paspalum 1,05 lt1,0 0,19 lt0,05 9,60 lt1,0 7,80
Oleander Paspalum 1,85 lt1,0 0,24 lt0,05 9,60 lt1,0 7,20
The most abundant anion measured in sediments
after treatment was SO4-2.
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PHYTOTOXICITY PLANT TEST
Lolium perenne
Hordeum vulgare
SEDIMENT
PHYTOTOXICITY ASSAY
Germinatión seeds en placas petri
5 days incubation 28 ºC and humidity

• germinated seeds
• Roots
• Germination Index

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PLANT TEST
Some extracts showed a positive effect on seed
germination (Germination Index) and root lengh.
Phragmites seems to increase seed germination.
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SEDIMENTS WHITOUT TREATMENT ANALYSIS FROM
CEBAS-CSIC
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BULK DENSITY AND WATER HOLDING CURVES (physical
parameters)
  Vol (ml) Wheight (g) Bulk Density (g/ml)
High contamination CLAY HC 10 11,36 1,1
Low contamination LC 10 10,53 1,05
Sandy Clay 10 10,49 1,05
Sandy Silt 10 9,48 0,95

  Water time Initial wheight 10 min 15min 20min 25min 35min
High contamination HC 4 Horas 24,3755 24,318 24,2775 24,2635 24,2375
Low contamination LC 3 Horas 32,655 32,355 32,1805 32,0775 31,931
Sandy-Clay 3 Horas 33,8595 33,6435 33,5135 33,398 33,323
Sandy- silt 3 Horas 34,1985 33,812 33,4235 33,307 33,2525
A correct moisture in a adequate substrate prior
to use would avoid the need of heavily watering
after seeding
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WATER HOLDING CAPACITY (WHC)
Samples (g) Humidity Dry samples WHC
High contamination HC 24,014 4,89 22,84 5,15
  24,461 4,89 23,26 5,15
Low contamination LC 32,154 1,47 31,68 1,49
  31,708 1,47 31,24 1,49
Sandy-clay 33,76 4,81 32,14 5,05
  32,886 4,81 31,30 5,05
Sandy-Silt 33,205 17,32 27,45 20,95
  36 17,32 29,76 20,95
Water holding capacity is about 5, in LC lt2.
Sandy-Silt showed 20 of WHC
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pH and EC
HC LC Sandy-Clay Sandy.Silt
Electrical conductivity 6-12 miliS/cm. Basic pH
for all samples
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C AND NUTRIENTS IN SEDIMENTS
HC LC Sandy-Clay Sandy.Silt
C values in sediments without treatment were
2-4,5, 1-2,5 is Organic Carbon
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CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SEDIMENTS
HC LC Sandy-Clay Sandy.Silt
Element groups (Al, Ca, Fe) gtgt (Mg, K, S, P, Na)
gtgtgt (Mn, Zn, Cr, Ti, Sr)
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CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SEDIMENTS
HC LC Sandy-Clay Sandy.Silt
Cd is the more toxic heavy metal
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ANIONS ON SEDIMENTS WITHOUT TREATMENT
SAMPLES F- (mg/L) Cl- (mg/L) NO2- (mg/L) Br- (mg/L) NO3- (mg/L) PO43- (mg/L) SO42- (mg/L)
HC 0,69 1745,50 0,13 0,62 0,90 lt1,0 411,50
HC 1,10 1769,40 lt0,1 6,77 21,70 lt1,0 418,60
HC 0,99 1786,20 lt0,1 6,80 0,90 lt1,0 414,70
LC 1,12 2000,90 lt0,1 7,82 4,80 lt1,0 448,20
LC 1,15 2035,80 lt0,1 7,80 4,80 lt1,0 451,20
LC 0,74 3886,80 lt0,1 14,64 11,75 lt1,0 856,20
Sandy-Clay 0,86 2971,30 lt0,1 10,76 8,90 lt1,0 1029,70
Sandy-Clay 1,75 2957,60 lt0,1 9,63 1,23 lt1,0 1060,30
Sandy-Clay 1,79 2906,50 lt0,1 9,36 1,27 lt1,0 1099,80
Sandy-Silt 0,93 2561,60 lt0,1 9,52 2,54 lt1,0 1738,50
Sandy-Silt 0,62 2546,40 lt0,1 9,97 2,07 lt1,0 1717,70
Sandy-Silt 0,64 2501,60 lt0,1 9,88 2,00 lt1,0 1690,90
The most abundant anions measured on sediments
without treatment were Cl-1 and SO4-2.
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PLANT TEST
A positive effect on seed germination
(Germination Index) and root lengh was showed.
A biostimulant effect is possible
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DECONTAMINATED SEDIMENT ADITIVES Organic
and inorganics
AMENDMENTS FOR SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM
To increase sediment quality, fertility
and productivity
EDAPHIC BIOSTIMULANT
Organic aditive
Inorganic aditive
To increase micror-ganisms such as aero- bic
bacteria, micorri-zation,
To improve the structure of the decontaminated
sediment
SEDIMENT AS AMENDMENT FOR SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM
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PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS

• -- THE TREATMENT ON SEDIMENTS INCREASES TOC AND
  REDUCES EC.
• -- MACRO AND MICRONUTRIENTS HAS BEEN DETERMINED.
• -- PHYSICAL PARAMETERS COULD ALSO BE IMPROVED
  WITH THE TREATMENT.
• -- A POSIBLE BIOSTIMULANT EFFECT HAS BEEN SHOWED
  IN PLANTS TEST
• WE WILL ANALYSE HEAVY METAL CONTENT ON PLANTS
• A MIXTURE COULD BE ESTABLISHED TREATED SEDIMENT
  
• VEGETAL RESIDUES (aeration, water holding
  capacity)
• 5) COMPOSTING PROCESS WITH SEDIMENTS COULD BE
  ASSAYED

WHAT WE WILL DO NOW??
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CEBAS WORKING GROUP THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION