England

1
England France Develop

• Chapter 14, Section 3

2
Main Idea

• Towns and villages were developing feudalism was
  weakening
• These changes led to more centralized government
  and the development of nations
• England and France were the first nations in
  Europe to develop a strong, unified government

3
Invasions in England

• The island of Britain had been invaded for
  centuries
• William the Conqueror claimed the English crown
  and invaded England
• Won the Battle of Hastings, changing English
  history
• United the lands and laid the foundation for
  centralized government in England

4
The Bayeux Tapestry
5
Englands Government

• Over the next two centuries, English kings had
  two goals
• Expand control of French lands!
• Strengthen their own power over the nobles the
  Church
• Henry II strengthened the justice system by
  sending out royal judges to every part of England
  at least once a year

6
English Government, cont.

• The concept of a jury emerges jury trials became
  a way to settle disputes
• Case by case, the rulings of Englands royal
  judges became known as common law our legal
  system is based on this!
• Parliament, a legislative (law-making) group, was
  created England and many other countries still
  use this system

7
The Magna Carta

• Richard the Lion Hearted, son of Henry II, took
  the throne, followed by his younger brother John
  Softsword
• John Softsword was a terrible leader abused his
  power!
• Nobles revolted and forced him to sign the most
  famous document in English history The Magna
  Carta

8
Magna Carta, continued

• LIMITS THE KINGS POWER!
• Everyone must obey laws, even the king
• Guarantees basic political rights, including no
  taxation without representation and a jury trial
• Set up basic legal rights for England the
  United States!

9
Beginning of Democracy

• England and France were beginning to establish
  democracies
• Based on centralized government that would be
  able to govern widespread land
• Common law court systems were a first step
  toward increased central government power
• However, before England France could move
  forward in this direction, they had to deal with
  a century of turmoil including religious
  disputes, plague, and war!