The Scientific Revolution

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The Scientific Revolution

• The Big Picture a new way of thinking based on
  experimentation and observation changed the way
  Europeans looked at the world

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I. Changing Views of the Universe (mid-1500s)

• Nicolaus Copernicus- sun-centered model of the
  universe
• i. Tycho Brahe provided evidence to support
  heliocentric model
• ii. Johannes Kepler used Brahes data to
  calculate orbits of the planets revolving around
  the sun that supported the heliocentric model

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• b. Galileo Galilei- built an astronomical
  telescope
• i. Observations prove the Earth moved around the
  sun
• ii. 1633 tried by the Inquisition
• 1. Threatened with death unless he withdrew his
  heresies
• 2. muttered as he left the court, It does move

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II. New Scientific Method (early 1600s)

• a. Step-by-Step Process
• b. Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes
• i. Truth is not known at the beginning of
  inquiry but at the end after a long process of
  investigation

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• ii. Bacon- stressed experimentation
  observation
• iii. Descartes- human reasoning leads to
  understanding I think, therefore I am.

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• c. Isaac Newton
• i. Used mathematics to show that a single force
  keeps the planets in their orbits around the sun
  gravity
• ii. 1687 Mathematical Principles of Natural
  Philosophy

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• 1. explained the law of gravity
• 2. helped develop calculus