Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri.

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Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs.
Fri.
Week of Oct. 6
Indoor lab bring calculator
Week of Oct. 13
No labs Fall Break
Week of Oct. 20
Wet, muddy outdoor lab wear closed-toed shoes
Week of Oct. 27
Independent project set-up
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Structure of course
Environmental variability Organisms Ecosystems Pop
ulations Species interactions Communities
Applied Ecological Issues
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Outline for ecosystems
Introduction How does energy move through an
ecosystem? How does matter move through an
ecosystem?
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What happens to net primary production?
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Figure 6.2
Herbivore
Carnivore
Herbivore
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Figure 6.1
Trophic pyramid
Tertiary consumers
Secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Primary producers
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Ecological/food chain efficiency the percentage
of energy in the biomass produced by one trophic
level that is incorporated into the biomass
produced by the next higher trophic level
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Ecological/food chain efficiency exploitation
efficiency x gross production efficiency
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How fast does energy move through an ecosystem?
Biomass accumulation ratio biomass / rate of
biomass production
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Figure 6.13
standing biomass biomass production rate
lowest on land
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Ecosystem Management
- process of sustaining ecosystems, their
processes, and the services they provide for
future generations - example of Lake Mendota
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Outline for ecosystems
Introduction How does energy move through an
ecosystem? How does matter move through an
ecosystem?
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How does matter move through an ecosystem?
Matter elements e.g., what are ways that a
carbon atom moves from one compartment of an
ecosystem to another? How fast do carbon atoms
move from one compartment to another?
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Organisms move elements through chemical
transformations
inorganic C
organic C
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Figure 7.1
organic
organic
inorganic
inorganic
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Figure 7.2
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How does matter move through an
ecosystem? Cycles between inorganic and organic
forms and between different compartments of
ecosystems Difference between matter and energy
movement?
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Figure 7.3
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Cycles of matter water carbon nitrogen phosphorus
sulfur
Focus on important pools and transfers
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Water cycle
Figure 7.4
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C cycle
Figure 7.5
Carbon cycle
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Figure 7.6
Biological transformations of carbon
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Fig. 7.11
N cycle
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Figure 7.11b
inorganic forms used by plants
e.g., proteins
Biological transformations of nitrogen
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P cycle
Figure 7.13
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Figure 7.14a
S cycle
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Figure 7.14b
Biological transformations of sulfur
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What do I expect you to know about element cycles?

• - which forms are available to bacteria, plants,
• and animals
• which transfers are changes in form of the
• element
• which transfers are biological transfers vs.
• chemical or physical transfers