II. The Mexican Revolution (1910

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II. The Mexican Revolution(19101940)
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A. Mexico in 1910

• Since independence from Spain (1821)
• few wealthy families owned 85 of land
• Indians mestizos poor peasants
• American companies acquired millions acres of
  land
• 2. General Porfirio Diaz
• by 1910 ruled for 34 yrs.
• discrimination persisted elite were enriched
• decline in standard of living

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Big Stick Foreign Policy
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B. Revolution

• Led by several rebels from different levels of
  society
• Francisco Madero overthrew Diaz (1911)
• Madero overthrown by General Huerta (1913)
• constitutionalists Carranza Obregon (leaders
  of middle class) overthrew Huerta (1914)
• Emiliano Zapata led a peasant revolt in the south
• Pancho Villa led an army in the north

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Emiliano Zapata Pancho Villa
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Women in the Revolution
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Soldaderas
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Revolutionary Art Diego Rivera
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Epic of The Mexican People Today Tomorrow
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Revolutionary Results

1. Constitutionalists Take Over

• Constitutionalists win after
• - years of fighting
• - 2 million casualties
• Adopted agrarian reforms social programs
• - land redistribution to poor
• - free education

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Revolutionary Results

• D. Changes
• 1917 Mexican Constitution
• -limited foreign ownership
• unionized workers
• restricted church lands
• set stage for industrialization
• creation of single-party dominance
• Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)

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III. Argentina Brazil(19001949)
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A. Brazil Argentina to 1929

• Argentina elites controlled export of meat (from
  the Pampas) wheat
• oligarquia small group of wealthy landowners
• Brazil elite coffee, cacao, rubber exporters
• imported all manufactured goods
• outspoken middle class

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B. Authoritarian Regimes

• Depression exports plummeted
• 2. Brazil Getulio Vargas led a coup created
  policy called import substitution
  industrialization (ISI)made Brazil a fascist
  state
• 3. Argentina 1943 Colonel Juan Peron led coup
  modeled after Nazi regime
• with wife Eva Peron populist dictator appealed to
  urban workers

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What is the Message?