Arab-Israeli Conflict

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Arab-Israeli Conflict
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I. Palestine Israel

• Jewish view claim to land 3,000 yrs. Ago
• Famine led to Diaspora
• Zionist Movement an international political
  movement that supported a homeland for the Jewish
  people (late 19th cent.)
• Palestine became a British mandate following WWI.
  
• 1922 Balfour Declaration

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• Arabs rioted as Jews immigrated
• 1939 Brit. shut off Jewish immigration (WWII)
• Palestinian Jews turned to terrorism
• 1946 Israel was a war zone
• 1947 Brit. backed out of governance of Israel
• UN took over formed partition betw. Jews
  Arabs Truman endorsed

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• 1948
• Israel officially became a country
• Arabs launched an attack on Israel
• Israel fought off invasion (U.S.)
• Other wars 1956, 1967, 1973
• Israel won each war

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• 1967 (the Six Day War)-Israel defeated Egypt,
  Syria, Jordan, Iraq
• Reclaimed the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and the
  Sinai Peninsula
• Sinai Peninsula was returned to Egypt 1982

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• -1964 Palestinian Liberation Organization(PLO)
  --Yasir Arafat (leader)
• --Fatah Party (1958)
• Goal of PLO Fatah complete liberation of
  Palestine, and eradication of Zionist economic,
  political, military and cultural existence
• Seen as terrorists

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• 1993 Israel PLO signed a Declaration of
  Principles (Oslo Accords)
• First time Palestinians recognized Israels right
  to exist
• Provided for Palestinian self-govt. in two places
  (Gaza parts of West Bank)
• Activists from both sides criticized this accord

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• 1994 Violence broke out
• An Israeli killed 29 Muslims in West Bank
• Palestinians responded with suicide bombings
• Hamas an Islamist group said war until an
  independent Palestine was created

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• 2000 an intifada (uprising) began by
  Palestinians
• followed Camp David Summit (failed after 9 days)
• The Arab leader who would surrender Jerusalem is
  not born yet. (Arafat)

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• 2001 Ariel Sharon (Israeli PM) accused Arafat
  of terrorism
• Jan. 2006 incapacitated
• Benjamin Netanyahu (PM of Israel)
• 2004 Yasir Arafat died
• Mamoud Abbascurrent PLO leader
• Denounced violence

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• 2004 Israel began building a concrete barrier
  around Jerusalem (protection against Palestinian
  suicide bombers)

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• 2006 Hamas won Palestinian election
• Beat the Fatah Party
• Hamas Islamist party
• Does not recognize
• Israel

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• Israeli Palestinian leaders called for a return
  to the road map, a US sponsored peace plan to
  create a Palestinian state.