Project presentation

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Project presentation

• Geo-Center project, financed by GEUS and AU
• 2011- 2014
• Project title
• Iodine in the hydrological cycle in Denmark
  implications for human health
• People involved in the project
• Søren Munch Kristiansen (AU, Department of
  Geoscience)
• Birgitte Hansen, Vibeke Ernstsen, Brian Sørensen
  Kim Esbensen (GEUS)

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Why iodine is interesting?

• Medical aspect
• essential component of the thyroid hormones
• low iodine intake
• variety of IDD mental retardation, goitre,
  hypothyroidism, etc
• prevention fortification of table salt and
  salt in bread (dk mandatory since 2000/2001)
• high iodine intake
• tolerable upper intake level
• associated with the correction of iodine
  deficiency or/and chronically high intake
  iodine induced hyperthyroidism, elevated goitre
  and subclinical hypothyroidism

• Geochemical aspect
• iodine in groundwater ( tap water)
• mapping regional/temporal variations
• not included in the monitoring programs of the
  waterworks
• data mainly from GRUMO wells some studies
• understanding the involved processes
• source/sources of iodine in the groundwater in
  Denmark

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Previous studies
Andersen, Petersen, Lauberg Iodine in
drinking water is bound in humic substances 2002
Rasmussen, Larsen, Ovesen Iodine content in
drinking water and other beverages in Denmark
2000
Pedersen, Laurberg, Nøhr, Jørgensen, Andersen
"Iodine in drinking water varies by more than
100-fold in Denmark. Importance for iodine
content of infant formulas" 1999
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Available Groundwater data
Status December 2011 2562 samples

• Data quality assessment
• Different methods
• Unit mistakes
• Statistical analysis of the data
• Picking up interesting areas for case-studies

Number of Iodine samples
Poster Bari
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Multivariate Data analysis

• Purpose
• finding outliers
• grouping due to date, method, etc.
• exploring the relations/correlations between the
  different data

Hypothesis there is correlation between iodine
and the other constituents or some of them

• Hypotheses
• Iodine originates from the rock/sediment
• sea water intrusion
• upward diffusion of old saltwater

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Iodine speciation

• Storage experiment
• How the Iodide concentration in groundwater
  sample is affected by
• storage conditions 5ºC,10ºC, freezer
• storage period

Important for the geochemical understanding of
the Iodine cycle
Statistically significant difference

• Lab methods development and testing
• Inorganic Iodine IC
• Total Iodine ICP-MS
• Organo-iodine

Freezer indications that the composition of the
water was different new experiment needed in
order to make conclusions
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Case Studies

• Purpose
• Source - explanation for the observed
  concentrations
• Iodine speciation
• Geochemical analysis

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Future plans and possible collaboration
Medical aspect
Geochemical aspect

• In progress
• Case studies
• Multivariate analysis
• of Jupiter data

• National study on Iodine in drinking water
• Sampling from waterworks wells
• Reflecting the different geology and the size of
  the waterworks
• Mapping of Iodine concentrations in drinking
  water
• Estimation of the dietary iodine intake in
  Denmark
• Combined study with data from medical registers

Possible collaboration
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Thank you for the attention