The Colonial Period

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Origins and Development of Colonial Governments

• The Colonial Period
• Social Studies Survey

2
Essential Question

• What elements of the English political heritage
  helped develop representative government in the
  American colonies?

3
I CAN

1. Explain why the colonists expected representative
   government
2. Analyze early British documents that helped to
   set up our Declaration of Independence and
   Constitution
3. Describe the government of early colonial America

4
John Greene Crash Course 2

• https//www.youtube.com/results?search_queryjohn
  greencrashcourseushistory2

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Magna Carta Text Activity

• Students will use a copy of the Magna Carta to
  read through and highlight/underline importance
  phrases that they have heard used before (from
  Declaration, Constitution, etc.)

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An English Political Heritage

• The English established the thirteen colonies
• English system had two major principles
• Limited Government
• Representative Government

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Limited Government

• System in which the power of the government is
  limited, not absolute

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Magna Carta Video

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vrROhCaTvyLc
• 234 min

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Magna Carta (1215)

• Also known as Great Charter
• First appears in Magna Carta (1215) and only to
  nobility at the start

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Petition of Rights (1628)

• Severely limited King Charles 1 power
• No longer collect taxes, imprison people without
  just cause, house troops in private homes or
  declare martial law without war

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English Bill of Rights (1688)

• Set clear limits on what a ruler could and could
  not do
• Set up 5 key ideas

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English Bill of Rights

1. Monarchs do not have absolute authority
2. Monarch must have Parliaments consent to suspend
   laws, levy taxes, or maintain army
3. Monarch cannot interfere with parliamentary
   elections and debates
4. People have right to fair and speedy trial
5. No cruel and unusual punishment

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Representative Government

• Government in which people elect delegates to
  make laws and conduct government

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John Locke

• John Locke- Two Treatises of Government
• Argued that if government failed to protect these
  natural rights, the people could change that
  government (social contract theory)

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Key People in the Enlightenment

• John Locke father of enlightenment philosophy
• Played a major role in the development of our
  government through his ideas
• Believed governmental power was not derived
  through god to monarchs but rather was derived
  from the need to preserve life, liberty, and
  property of the governed
• Helped to develop key ideas (such as three
  branches of government) within a democratic system

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Government in the Colonies

• Each English colony had its own governor, a
  legislature, and a court system
• Each had
• A written constitution
• Legislatures of elected representatives
• Separation of powers between governors and
  legislature

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Mayflower Compact Video

• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vkwJDraGAV44
• Plymouth and the Pilgrims America Story of Us (9
  min)

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Mayflower Compact (1620

• First example of colonial self-government

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Mayflower Compact Videos

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vTgZPiFgptdw
• 425 min (ok)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vsYr8LbFNB00feature
  fvwrel
• Creation of the mayflower Compact (357)

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Mayflower Compact
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Great Fundamentals (1636)

• First basic system of laws in the colonies

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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)

• First formal constitution or charter in the
  colonies
• All men have the right to vote in the colony

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Fundamental Preamble

• For as much as it hath pleased Almighty God by
  the wise disposition of his divine providence so
  to order and dispose of things that we the
  Inhabitants and Residents of Windsor, Hartford
  and Wethersfield are now cohabiting and dwelling
  in and upon the River of Connectecotte and the
  lands thereunto adjoining and well knowing where
  a people are gathered together the word of God
  requires that to maintain the peace and union of
  such a people there should be an orderly and
  decent Government established according to God,
  to order and dispose of the affairs of the people
  at all seasons as occasion shall require do
  therefore associate and conjoin ourselves to be
  as one Public State or Commonwealth and do for
  ourselves and our successors and such as shall be
  adjoined to us at any time hereafter, enter into
  Combination and Confederation together, to
  maintain and preserve the liberty and purity of
  the Gospel of our Lord Jesus which we now
  profess, as also, the discipline of the Churches,
  which according to the truth of the said Gospel
  is now practiced amongst us as also in our civil
  affairs to be guided and governed according to
  such Laws, Rules, Orders and Decrees as shall be
  made, ordered, and decreed as followeth

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Colonial Legislature

• First legislature in America Virginia House of
  Burgesses
• Many colonies had legislature well before the
  Declaration of Independence and Constitution were
  put into place
• Voting had property qualifications, but land was
  abundant and affordable

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Separation of Powers

• The division of power among the legislative,
  judicial, and executive branches

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Key People in the Enlightenment

• Baron de Montesquieu Famous for developing
  separation of powers
• Rule by the people (democracy) is best as long as
  have a balance of power.
• Three main forms of government, each supported by
  social principle
• Monarchies rely on Honor (king or queen)
• Republics rely on Virtue (rule by elected
  leader)
• Despotisms rely on Fear (dictator)