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Immune System

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Defense Against Infectious Diseases Three basic functions Maintains body fluids at a constant level Absorbs fats from the digestive tract Helps body defend itself ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Immune System


1
Immune System
  • Defense Against Infectious Diseases

2
The Lymphatic System
  • Three basic functions
  • Maintains body fluids at a constant level
  • Absorbs fats from the digestive tract
  • Helps body defend itself against disease

3
Immune System
  • Innate Immune System defense mechanisms that
    your body uses to protect you from MANY different
    types of pathogens
  • Skin the first line of defense also home to
    lots microorganisms that inhibit the
    multiplication of pathogens
  • Secretions mucus, sweat, tears, saliva
  • Secretions trap or kill off pathogens

4
If a pathogen gets by the skin and secretions.
  • Phagocytes a white blood cell (WBC) that
    ingests and destroys pathogens by surrounding and
    engulfing them
  • When a pathogen is present, phagocytes migrate
    out of your blood capillaries to the infected
    areas

5
  • Macrophage one type of phagocyte
  • After a macrophage engulfs large numbers of
    microbes and damaged tissue, they eventually die
  • The infected area will contain a collection of
    dead WBCs and various body fluids pus
    (eeeeewwwww!! But now you know what it is!)

6
Inflammation of body tissues
  • Inflammation (redness, swelling, pain and heat)
    occurs when body tissues are damaged by pathogens
    (can also be a reaction to ANY type of injury)
  • Injured cells release histamine which is a
    chemical alarm system, causes blood vessels to
    dilate and inflammation to happen

7
Adaptive Immune System
  • Immunity defense against a specific pathogen by
    building up a resistance to it
  • Antigen foreign substances (proteins, bacteria,
    viruses, etc.) that stimulate the production of
    antibodies in the blood
  • Antibody proteins produced in reaction to
    foreign substances (antigens) antibodies are
    specific to an antigen

8
Vaccinations
  • Vaccine a mixture of a harmless component of a
    disease-causing microbe, a dead or weakened
    pathogen or part of a microbe
  • Pathogen microbe
  • A vaccine stimulates the immune system to
    increase defenses against the antigen
  • Body builds up antibodies and can react quickly
    if exposed to the pathogen (antigen) again

9
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