Chapter 3, Section 3

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Chapter 3, Section 3

• The Middle Colonies

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New York and New Jersey

• New Netherland was founded in 1613 as a trading
  post with the Iroquois
• Town of New Amsterdam on the island of Manhattan
  was the center
• General land grants and religious toleration
  brought Jews, French Huguenots, Puritans, and
  others to the colony
• Peter Stuyvesant led the colony beginning in 1647

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New York and New Jersey

• New Amsterdam was captured by the English in 1664
  and renamed New York
• New Amsterdam was renamed New York City
• Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley were
  made proprietors of New Jersey by the Duke of
  York
• This colony occupied lands between the Hudson and
  Delaware Rivers
• Diverse population Dutch, Swedes, Finns, and
  Scots
• Fur trade was very important to the colonies of
  New York and New Jersey

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Penns Colony

• Quakers
• Also called Society of Friends, made up one of
  the largest religious groups in New Jersey
• Did not follow formal religious practices
• Dressed plainly
• Believed men and women were equal before God
• Supported nonviolence and religious toleration
• Their beliefs were shocking and they were
  persecuted in Europe and America

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Penns Colony

• William Penn
• Proprietor of the New Jersey colony and a Quaker
• Wanted to create a larger colony under his own
  control as a refuge for Quakers
• 1681, King Charles II granted William Penn a
  charter to begin a colony west of New Jersey and
  Pennsylvania was born

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Penns Colony

• Pennsylvania
• Grew rapidly
• Penn limited his own power and created an elected
  assembly
• Promised religious freedom to all Christians
• Made Pennsylvania an important example of
  representative self-government
• A government that reflects the will of the people
• Penn named the capital Philadelphia which means
  city of brotherly love

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The Economy of the Middle Colonies

• Combined characteristics of the New England
  colonies and the Southern Colonies
• Good climate and rich soil allowed farmers to
  grow staple crops
• Crops that are always needed
• Included wheat, barley, oats
• Also raised livestock

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The Economy of the Middle Colonies

• Slaves were somewhat more important in the middle
  colonies than in the New England colonies.
• Worked in cities as skilled laborers
• Worked on farms
• Most labor needs were filled by indentured
  servants
• 1700-1775, about 135,000 indentured servants came
  to the middle colonies

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The Economy of the Middle Colonies

• Trade
• Colonial goods exported to markets in Britain and
  the West Indies
• Women
• Important to the economy of the Middle Colonies
• Ran farms and businesses
• Practiced medicine
• Colonial laws limited their economic
  opportunities
• Most worked in the home