Immune System

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Immune System

• The Bodys Defense System

2
Types of PathogensAgents that can cause disease

• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Protists
• Worms
• Fungi

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Nonspecific Defenses

• First Line of Defense
• Skin, mucus, sweat and tears
• Second Line of Defense
• Inflammatory Response
• Production of WBC
• BV dilation
• Swollen tissue
• Fever
• Increase of Heart Rate
• Interferon release (if viral infection)

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Immune Response

• When nonspecific defenses are surpassed, specific
  defenses start working.
• Antigens Substance that triggers an immune
  response
• Lymphocytes
• T Cells
• B Cells

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Humoral Immunity

• Specific defense against pathogens in BODY FLUID
• Antibodies
• Attract cells to phagocytize (eat) the antigen
• OR cause agglutination (clumping)
• Contains antigen binding site

6
B Cells

• Originate in Bone marrow
• B Cells can be
• Plasma cells (primary response)
• Memory cells (secondary response)

7
Cell-Mediated Immunity

• Defense against bodys own cells that have been
  infected by a pathogen. (INSIDE OF CELLS)
• T Cells
• Develop in bone marrow
• Mature in the Thymus
• There are many types!
• Killer T Cells - KILL
• Helper T Cells- HELP
• Suppressor T Cells- WEAKEN
• Memory T Cells- REMEMBER

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Allergies Transplants

• Allergic Reactions
• Mast cells- cause inflammation
• Histamines- chemicals released by mast cells
• Antihistamine- work against histamines
• Asthma- narrowing of air passages
• Organ Transplants- Body
• sometimes recognizes organ
• as foreign and can reject
• transplant