Monera

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Monera
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• Bacteria are of immense importance because of
  their rapid growth, reproduction, and mutation
  rates, as well as, their ability to exist under
  adverse conditions.
• The oldest fossils known, nearly 3.5 billion
  years old, are fossils of bacteria-like
  organisms.

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• Bacteria can be autotrophs or hetertrophs.

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• Bacteria classified as heterotrophs derive energy
  from breaking down complex organic compounds in
  the environment, as well as those that live as
  parasites, absorbing nutrients from living
  organisms.

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• Depending on the species, bacteria can be aerobic
  which means they require oxygen to live
• or
• anaerobic which means oxygen is deadly to them.

Green patches are green sulfur bacteria.  The
rust patches are colonies of purple non sulfur
bacteria.  The red patches are purple sulfur
bacteria.
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• Bacteria are often maligned as the causes of
  human and animal disease. However, certain
  bacteria, the actinomycetes, produce antibiotics
  such as streptomycin and nocardicin.

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• Other Bacteria live symbiotically in the guts of
  animals or elsewhere in their bodies.
• For example, bacteria in your gut produce vitamin
  K which is essential to blood clot formation.

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• Still other Bacteria live on the roots of certain
  plants, converting nitrogen into a usable form.

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• Bacteria put the tang in yogurt and the sour in
  sourdough bread.
• Saprobes help to break down dead organic matter.
• Bacteria make up the base of the food webs in
  many environments.

Streptococcus thermophilus in yogurt
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• Bacteria are prokaryotic and unicellular.
• Bacteria have cell walls.
• Bacteria have circular DNA called plasmids
• Bacteria can be anaerobes or aerobes.
• Bacteria are heterotrophs or autotrophs.
• Bacteria are awesome!

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Shapes of Bacteria
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Penicillin, an antibiotic, comes from molds of
the genus Penicillium Notice the area of
inhibition around the Penicillium.
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• Penicillin kills bacteria by making holes in
  their cell walls. Unfortunately, many bacteria
  have developed resistance to this antibiotic.