Reformation and Catholic Reformation

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Reformation and Catholic Reformation
www.acs.ucalgary.ca

• Ch 5.3 and 5.4

2
What was wrong with the Church?

• Corruption
• Too concerned with politics and interests
• People wanted the assurance of salvation and got
  indulgences from the Church
• Could buy from the Church and they gave release
  from sin
• Clergy didnt care about spiritual needs of the
  people, only interested in money

3
Martin Luther and his Beliefs

• Monk in Wittenberg, Germany
• Justification salvation through faith ALONE
• God grants salvation because he is merciful, not
  because he can be won over by good works
• Bible is ONLY source of religious truth

4
95 Theses

• October 13, 1517
• Luther sent a list of 95 complaints that attacked
  the abuses of the Catholic Church
• Included attack against the sale of indulgences
• Pope Leo X didnt take it seriously

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What happened to Luther?

• Many German leaders supported Luther and formed
  state churches
• They protected him after Edict of Worms where he
  was made an outlaw in the empire
• Excommunicated from Church in 1521
• Peace of Augsburg (1555) settled the issue and
  warfare in Holy Roman Empire

6
Lutheranism is Born

• Lutheranism 1st Protestant faith, Luthers new
  religion
• Protestant faith one that began because of a
  break with the Catholic Church
• New religious service Bible readings, preaching
  the word of God, song
• 2 sacraments baptism and communion
• Ministers allowed to marry (all Protestant faiths)

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Calvinism

• Protestants in Switzerland
• John Calvin (from France) became leader
• Predestination God determined before birth who
  was to be saved (elect) and who would be damned
  (the reprobate)
• Geneva Calvinist church government

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English Reformation

• Henry VIII wanted to divorce wife because no
  male heir produced
• Not granted an annulment by the Church
• Catherine of Aragon 1st wife, had Mary
• Anne Boleyn 2nd wife, had Elizabeth
• Act of Supremacy of 1534 declared the king the
  head of the Church of England/Anglican Church
• Church remained close to Catholic teachings

www.dawgsports.com
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• Henrys other wives
• Jane Seymour
• Anne of Cleves
• Katheryn Howard
• Katherine Parr
• Thomas Moore devout Catholic that didnt support
  the kings actions
• Beheaded
• Later sainted

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Henrys Children

• Edward VI
• Sickly 9 yr old when became king
• Church moved in more Protestant direction
• Clergy could marry
• New Protestant church service
• Rapid changes created opposition
• Mary I (became Queen in 1553)
• Wanted to restore Catholicism
• Bloody Mary had gt300 Protestants burned as
  heretics
• England was more Protestant by end of her reign
• Elizabeth
• Benevolent Queen of England
• Protestant Queen

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Catholic Reformation

• Catholic Churchs attempt to revitalize the
  Church
• Ignatius of Loyola established the Society of
  the Jesuits
• Used education to spread their message

www.gonzaga.ie
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• Council of Trent
• Met off and on for 18 yrs, established by Pope
  Paul III
• Kept traditional Catholic beliefs
• Faith and good works necessary for salvation
• Kept 7 sacraments and clerical celibacy
• No more selling of indulgences

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Johannes Gutenberg

• Printing Press
• Spread the ideas of the Reformation

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www2.warwick.ac.uk