Title: CHURCH HISTORY II Lesson 13 CATHOLIC REFORMATION COUNTER-REFORMATON
1CHURCH HISTORY IILesson 13 CATHOLIC
REFORMATION
COUNTER-REFORMATON
2CATHOLIC REFORMATION
COUNTER-REFORMATON
THE PROTESTANT MOVEMENT DID NOT ENCOMPASS ALL THE
STRONG AND VARIED CURRENTS OF REFORMATION THAT
WERE SWEEPING EUROPE
How did the Catholic Reformation proceed?
3I. Countries or Rulers SPAIN
Isabella of Castile
Ferdinand of Aragon
4Archbishop Jimenez
Scholar Complutensian Polyglot
Reformer No Tolerance
II. New Orders
Spiritual Exercises 1521
Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556)
5Company of Jesus 1534
enter upon hospital and missionary work in
Jerusalem, or to go without questioning wherever
the Pope might direct
Society of Jesus 1540
Jesuits
6(13) If we wish to be sure that we are right in
all things, we should always be ready to accept
this principle I will believe that the white
that I see is black, if the hierarchical church
so defines.
(17) We may speak of faith and grace, so far as
we can with the help of God, for the greater
praise of His divine majesty, but not in such a
way, especially in these dangerous times of ours,
that works and free-will shall receive any
detriment or come to be accounted for nothing.
EDUCATION
THEOLOGY
COUNSELING/ SPIRITUAL GUIDANCE
Jesuit Casuistry
Francis Xavier (1506-1552)
EXPANSION
7SPANISH SPIRITUALITY
John of the Cross John of God
Teresa of Avila
The Interior Castle
Bernini Ecstasy of Teresa
8Where was the Pope?
Council of Trent 1545-1563
Profession of the Tridentine Faith 1564
1. Centered authority in the Pope
2. Reformed the moral life of the Church
3. Clarified Catholic Doctrine
9a. Dual authority of Scripture and tradition
All saving truths and rules of conduct are
contained in written books and in the unwritten
traditions, received from the mouth of Christ
Himself or from the Apostles themselves
b. Justification
by faith AND love
Reformed or Calvinist Response
10Acts of the Council of Trent, with Antidotes
- The Christian is justified by grace but free
will, although weakened by sin, can and must
cooperate with grace. - Faith alone does not justify, but faith and love
(by which you perform good works).
- Justification is accomplished by the infusing of
Christs righteousness into the person who then
actually becomes righteous. - Justification finally rests on the Christians
acquiring and maintaining a certain level of
sanctification. - The Christian cannot be certain, except by
special revelation, that he or she is elect or
presently in a state of grace.
- Free will exists but is so corrupted that the
sinner has no desire nor ability to choose for
God or salvation. - Faith is more than knowledge and assent it is
also trust. - Christs perfect righteousness is imputed or
reckoned to us as the basis of our justification. - Justification and sanctification must be
distinguished but cannot be separated (The light
of the sun, though never unaccompanied with heat,
is not to be considered heat.) - The Scripture encourages a true Christian to
certainty and assurance of salvation because of
the promises of God.
11The whole may be thus summed up-their error
consists in sharing the work between God and
ourselves, so as to transfer to ourselves the
obedience of a pious will in assenting to divine
grace, whereas this is the proper work of God
Himself John Calvin
Lutheran Response
Martin Chemnitz (1522-1586)