The immune system

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The immune system

• Prepared by Taghreed Al-Attar

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What is the immune system?

• The immune system is the bodys natural defense
  against infection and illness
• Specialized cells and organs all work to protect
  your body and keep you healthy

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The types of immunity

• The innate immunity (non-specific immunity)
• The acquired immunity (specific immunity)

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The innate immune system

• This system is always working to protect the body
• It does not require any special preparation to
  stop infection
• White blood cells are natural killer cells
• Pus is actually dead microbes and dead white
  blood cells
• Fever is an immune system response

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The acquired immunity

• This immunity will develop during lifetime
• Different cells are involved B cells, T cells,
  memory cells, suppressor cells
• Defense against bacteria and viruses
• Production of antibodies

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Immunization

• A small amount of the specially treated virus,
  bacterium (vaccine) is injected into the body
• The body makes antibodies
• If a vaccinated person is exposed to the actual
  virus or bacterium, he or she will not get sick

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Other defenses

• Skin
• Lungs
• Digestive system
• Body fluids like skin oil, saliva and tears which
  contain anti-bacterial enzymes

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Things to remember

• The immune system fights infection
• It keeps a record of every microbe defeated
• Other lines of defense include the skin, lungs
  and digestive system

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AIDS

• AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• AIDS is caused by HIV ( Human Immunodeficiency
  Virus)
• HIV attacks the Helper T cells and kills them

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How do antibiotics work?

• Antibiotics work on bacterial infections
• Antibiotics are chemicals that kill the bacteria
  cells but do not affect the cells of the human
  body
• One problem with antibiotics is that they lose
  effectiveness over time

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Autoimmune diseases

• Autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system
  attacks healthy cells and tissues in the body by
  mistake
• The body makes antibodies against its own cells
  and tissues
• It is genetic
• It is more common in women than men
• Examples Diabetes type 1, Rheumatoid arthritis

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The factors which affect immunity

• Rest and good sleep
• Exercise
• Good nutrition
• Toxins and pollution
• Stress