BRITISH COLONIES

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BRITISH COLONIES

• in Africa

Romana Slámová mcr-A1
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• Definition
• The domination one country over another country
  normally by military force, but can be accepted,
  requested, or given. The one country rules the
  other.

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The Reasons of British Colonisation

• Missionaries and explorers brought back stories
  and tales of wonderful beasts, colourful peoples
  and incredible geography
• The British were some of the most anti-slavery
  Protestants and felt morally obliged to stop the
  Swahili slave trade
• The Suez Canal cut off six thousand miles of
  travel which otherwise had to be made for a
  British ship to travel to India. The canal made
  their colony, India, in the East much more
  accessible than it had ever been before at a
  cheaper cost -gt In 1875, the British had bought
  the canal away from the French by taking the
  majority of the canal's shares
• An incredibly rich diamond field was discovered
  in 1870 in present day Kimberley (The British
  annexed it in 1871)

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Problems

• Fortunately for many Africans the climate and
  naturally occuring diseases meant that most
  Europeans found it difficult to live in the
  equatorial areas of Africa
• Malaria was the chief barrier to early
  colonisation

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British Colonies
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SOUTH AFRICA

• Thousands of British colonists settled in South
  Africa after 1820
• 1822 - English became the official language
• South Africa developed into one of the most
  interesting racial case studies.
• Due to the large non-British element of the White
  population, its relations with Britain were
  always stormy

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The Anglo-Boer Wars

• 1877 - the British annexed the Transvaal - the
  home to many Boers and they weren't pleased to
  have their homes stolen from them.
• 1881 - The Boers revolted and defeated the
  British. The Boers were back in power until greed
  once again influenced the British. This time it
  was gold in the Transvaal instead of diamonds
  further South. The Boers desperately sought to
  keep themselves in power and did so by oppressing
  the British fortune seekers.
• In 1895, Cecil Rhodes plotted to overthrow the
  Transvaal government and failed. Relations
  between the two countries became less and less
  friendly until the eventual outbreak of the
  second Anglo-Boer war in 1899.

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EGYPT

• Egypt still provided the quickest way of
  maintaining communications between Britain and
  India
• 74 years long British occupation
• 1882- the British landed at Alexandria, took
  control over the Suez Canaland
• 1914 - Britain declared Egypt a protectorate
• Effective British control of Egypt continued
  until 1922 -gt
• Britain declared the termination of the
  British Protectorate and declared Egypt an
  independent state.

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GOLD COAST

• the name of a British colony on the Gulf of
  Guinea
• (present-day Ghana)
• formed in 1821 the name Gold Coast gt due to
  the large gold resources to be found in the
  area
• it became the independent nation of Ghana in 1957
• The Anglo-Ashanti Wars were a series of four wars
  between the British and the Ashanti Confederacy
  (in 1826, 1873, 1893-1894 and 1895-1896)
• The Ashanti a major ethnic group in
  present-day Ghana, was one of the few African
  nations to offer substantial resistance to
  British imperial ambitions in Africa

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• NIGERIA - the British decided to take control
  of the increasing
  trade in palm oil -gt The coastal
  enclave of Lagos became a British colony in
  1861
• - The British dependencies
  of Northern and Southern Nigeria
  were merged into a single
  territory in 1914.
• ERITREA - Founded in 1787 by British
  philantropists as an asylum
  for dismissed slaves
• - It became British
  colony in 1808

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SUDAN

• 1882- The British invade Sudan.
• It was known as the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
• between 1898 and 1955.
• 1955- Revolt and start of the civil war.
• 1956- Sudan gains independence.

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SOMALIA

• Britain was mainly concerned with keeping open
  the route to India through the Suez Canal, which
  had been opened in 1869.
• At first it was Egypt who occupied some of the
  towns on the Somali coast.
• -gt When the Egyptian troops left in 1882,
  Britain started to occupy the territory.
• In 1887, Britain proclaimed it a British
  protectorate, and named it British Somaliland

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Other British Colonies
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Key Words

• Greed chamtivost
• Outbreak vypuknutí, vzpoura
• Opressing utlacování
• Plot spiknout se
• Overthrow svrhnout