Chapter 5: The 13 English Colonies

1
Seeking Religious Freedom
2
Seeking Religious Freedom

• Roman Catholic Church
• 1. King Henry VIII
• Catherine of Aragon
• Anne Boleyn
• Jane Seymour
• Anne of Cleves
• Catherine Howard
• Catherine Parr
• England had been a Protestant country since 1534.
• Henry VIII formed the Anglican Church.

3
Seeking Religious Freedom

• 2. Pilgrim
• traveles with a religious goal
• moved to Netherlands in 1608
• London Company
• John Carver
• September 1620 from Plymouth
• 100 men/women/Separatists

4

• Established Church
• Was the chosen religion in England
• (Anglican Church)

• 3.Separatists
• Protestants who wanted to leave and find their
  own churches.

• 4. Persecuted
• -mistreatment or punishment of certain people
  because of their beliefs

5
Seeking Religious Freedom on the Mayflower

• London Company John Carver
• September 1620 set sail from Plymouth, England
• 100 men/women/Separatists
• 5. Plymouth
• 6. Mayflower- landed on
• November 1620,
• off coast of
• Cape Cod, Massachusetts.

6
MAYFLOWER COMPACT 7. established a form of
self- government for the Pilgrims.
7

• 8. Explain the symbolism of Plymouth Rock
• Write the following in your own words
• Pilgrims didnt land on a rock. It was a rocky
  area. It was written that Plymouth Rock
• was a safe haven home for Pilgrims.
• An actual rock is there today to symbolize the
  landing of the Mayflower.

8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
Plymouths Problems

• 9.
• Lack of food /starving time
• Harsh weather
• Poor houses (sod)
• Diseases

11
Native Americans and the Pilgrims

• 10.
• Samoset greeted the Pilgrims in English and
  introduced them to Massasoit.
• Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to hunt, plant
  corn and
• helped the Pilgrims maintain peace with the
  Native Americans.

12
Plymouth Survives

• 11. Describe Thanksgiving of 1621.
• Lasted 3 days, ate fruits, vegetables, deer.
  Played games and followed Native traditions to
  celebrate

13
Building the Jamestown Colony
14
The Settlement of Jamestown

• Virginia Company of London received charter from
  King James I.

Charter document allowing settlement- trade in
certain areas of Americas
15
The Settlement of Jamestown
Left on December 1606 3
ships Landed April 1607 Men left looking for
gold and riches. Jamestown first permanent
colony (established in 1607-Virginia)
16
Settlement of Jamestown
Jamestown was located in a swampy area with
mosquitoes.
Many died from sickness and disease. Drinking
water was poor.
17
The men fought a lot and did little work for the
colony.
Governing was difficult no teamwork
18

• Captain John Smith was
• the first leader to
• emerge in Jamestown.
• He that will not work
• shall not eat.
• Showed leadership
• Established good relations with Natives (for a
  little while)

19
In 1612, the colonists began growing tobacco.
Tobacco saved the economy of Jamestown More
people were needed to harvest tobacco.
20
The Growth of Jamestown
Tobacco planter John Rolfe married Pocahontas
in 1614. (Chief Powhatans daughter)
The marriage helped restore some good relations
with N.A. though it didnt last.
21
England Meets Pocahontas
People in England were eager to meet Pocahontas.
Rolfe took her to England she took the name
Rebecca later died of illness
22
Beginning of Self- Government

• King James I is unhappy.
• Profiting slowly

King James and the Virginia Company wanted a
stable government for Jamestown.
The House of Burgesses was established. It was
the beginning of representative government in
America.
23
More People Come to Jamestown
Africans and women began to arrive in Jamestown.
The Virginia Company profited women struggled
but they helped settlement of colony beginning
of slavery in America.
Bride Ship
24

• 12. Town meetings were of high importance to
  Puritans because it was there that they were
  able to be a part of community decisions.
• 13. An Indentured Servant signed a contract
  to work without wages for a time in
  exchange for passage to the Americas.

25

• 14. Massachusetts set up the first
• public schools, which are schools funded by
  taxes
• 15. List 3 descriptions of education in New
  England
• Bible study
• Very strict
• Focus on reading, writing, and math

26
16. Great Migration
The New England Colonies
Setting the Scene..
Puritans did not want to separate entirely from
the Church of England They wanted to reform the
Church.

• In 1630, 15,000 Puritans left England to follow
  their beliefs.

27

• 17. Three ways to describe the strict beliefs of
  the Puritans
• Education very important
• Strict laws
• Must attend church and keep Sabbath

28
18. Salem witch trials

• Political and social divisions led to
  accusations of witchcraft in colonies many died

29

• 19.
• List 3 ways in which the N.E. Colonies made money
  based on their resources
• Whaling/fishing
• Shipbuilding
• Lumber
• 20. HARVARD

30
21. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

• Hookers plan of government that provided for an
  assembly and an elected governor.
• All men who owned property could vote
• Expanded the idea of representative government in
  the English colonies

31
22. How did settlement of the New England
colonies affect the Native Americans?

• Conflict among the tribes
• Land was taken
• Alliances with some settlers

• Colonists continued to take over Native lands.
• Native Americans like King Phillip fought against
  Colonial expansion.
• The Pequot Wars/raids on settlers
• Many forced from their home lands and sold into
  slavery.

32
The Middle Colonies
33
23. List 3 descriptions of education in the
Middle Colonies

• Wealthy attended private schools
• Public schools were diverse
• Trades/skills were taught

34
24. Why are the middle colonies called the
Breadbasket Colonies?

• They grew most of the nations wheat

35
25. Quakers

• Quakers believed all people wealthy or poor
  were equal in the sight of God
• Quakers opposed war and would not take oaths
• Would not serve in the army
• Would not pay taxes
• Protestant reformers

36
26. List 3 other religions that were common in
the Middle Colonies

• Jewish
• Catholic
• Lutheran

37

• 27. An apprentice worked for a master to learn a
  trade.
• 28. Give 5 examples of a trade
• Candle maker
• Seamstress/tailor
• Blacksmith
• Horse shoe
• ironsmith

38

• 29. Cash crops are crops grown to make
  money
• 30. What is an artisan?
• Someone who is skilled at a certain trade

39
31. Libel

• Is the act of publishing a statement that may
  wrongly damage a persons reputation
• What does this term have to do with the trial of
  John P. Zenger?
• He was found not guilty of libel in courtleading
  to freedom of the press

40
The Southern Colonies
41
32. Education in theSouthern Colonies

• Wealthy sent to England or private schools
• Tutors came into homes
• No education for poor whites and slaves

42

• 33. Life in the Tidewater region of the South
  centered around the plantations and rich
  families.
• But life in the Backcountry region was harder,
  simpler, and more democratic.

43
34. What group of people made the most
significant contribution to the economy of the
Southern Colonies?
Slaves
44
35. Which group of people set the style for
Southern living?

• Wealthy plantation owners
• slave holders

45

• 36. Act of Toleration
• Provided religious freedom for all Christians

46
Quakers

• 37. What became the first religious group in the
  colonies to speak out against slavery?

• 38. List 3 cash crops
• Tobacco
• Cotton
• Rice
• Indigo

47
Slave Trade/Middle Passage

• 39. Middle Passage
• Between Africa, Caribbean Islands, and the
  colonies
• Population of South increased

48

• 40. Mason-Dixon Line-divided the Middle and
  Southern Colonies
• 41. It was the line escaped slaves tried to
  reach.

49
42. Slave Codes were laws that treated slaves
as property and denied them basic rights
50
43. Major results of the Triangular Trade
Route

• Created a workforce
• Allowed communication between Europe, Africa,
  and North America
• Manufactured raw materials could now be traded

51

• 44. Navigation Acts
• Some ignored them
• Some smuggled goods
• Many thought unfair

52
45. Freedoms we have today that began in Colonial
times
Freedom of the press Religious Freedom Right to
a jury Right to vote Free education
53
46. The Englightenment was the rise of using
human reason to answer questions the age of
science 1600-1700s
54

• More reading and writing
• New inventions
• Science becomes part of schools

47.
55
48. Benjamin Franklin used science and reason to
explain the world around him.
49. The Great Awakening was a revival of
religious faith throughout the colonies.
56

• 50. It contributed to the spread of democracy in
  the following ways
• Colonists began to challenge British authority
• Many churches were started
• Traveling preacher reached/appealed to
  independent thinkers.

57
51. Legislature 52. Mercantislism 53.
Exports 54. Imports