Kouroi and Korai

1
Kouroi and Korai

• An Evolution of Sculptural Style

2
Kouros (Kouroi)

• New York Kouros (600 BCE)
• Sounion Kouros (580 BCE)
• Kleobis and Biton (580 BCE)
• Tanagra Boys (580 BCE)
• Anavysos Kouros (530 BCE)
• Aristodikos Kouros (510 - 500 BCE)
• Kritios Boy (490 - 480 BCE)

3
NY KOUROS

• NY MMA 32.11.1
• 1.84 m in height
• From Attica
• 600 BCE
• Egyptian grid-design
• Attention to patterning
• No real anatomy

4
Sounion Kouros

• Athens, National Museum
• Restored height 3.05 m
• Found in a pit at the sanctuary of Poseidon at
  Sounion
• Like NY Kouros but more achieved
• Seashell like curls, washboard stomach, rounder
  musculature

5
Design

• Ionic volute ear
• Careful attention to texture of hair
• Love of geometric form and symmetrical patterning

6
Kleobis and Biton

• Delphi Museum
• Restored height of 1.97 m
• 580 BCE
• Story of their sacrifice in Herodotus i.31
• Artists inscription Polymedes the Argive made
  this.

7
Boys from Tanagra

• Athens, National Mus.
• From Tanagra
• 1.47 m in height
• Limestone
• 580 BCE
• Amphialkes put this up for Dermys and Kittylos

8
Some Awkwardness

• Awkwardness of the embrace is seen in Egyptian
  couple statues.

9
Anavysos Kouros

• National Mus. 3851
• 1.94 m in height
• 530 BCE
• Stay and mourn at the monument for dead Kroisos
  whom violent Ares destroyed, fighting in the
  front rank.

10
Problems with Hips

• More robustly modeled
• Struggle with the weight of the marble
• Unsuccessful solution

11
Aristodikos

• National Museum, Athens
• 510 - 500 BCE
• 1.95 m in height
• Base inscribed with name Aristodikos
• More skillfully handled body masses

12
Kritios Boy

• Acropolis Museum, Athens
• 0.86 m in height
• 490 - 480 BCE
• Precursor to the Classical period
• Shift of weight - confidence in body masses

13
Sculptor in Bronze?

• Engrave lines of the hair
• Hollow eyes characteristic of bronze work
• Broken limbs and head

14
Archaic Horsemen

• Rampin Rider
• 550 BCE
• Head from the Louvre
• Fragments from the Acropolis circuit wall

15
Remarkable join

• Payne saw that this head from the Louvre joined
  the body on the acropolis
• Lace-like carving of the hair and beard
• Celery crown - Nemean or Isthmian games.
• Delicacy of features
• Same sculptor as Peplos Kore?

16
Persian Rider

• Newly restored
• 520 BCE

17
Paint on Archaic Statues

• Encaustic Paint
• Depth to Flat Surfaces
• Lost in late Classical Period

18
Kore (Korai)

• Auxerre Kore (640 - 630 BCE)
• Nikandre Kore (640 - 630 BCE)
• Berlin Kore (570-560 BCE)
• Peplos Kore (530 BCE)
• Cheramyes Kore (570 - 560 BCE)
• Ionic Korai, Acropolis (520 - 500 BCE)
• Phrasikleia (540 BCE)

19
Auxerre Kore

• Louvre 3098
• From Crete.
• 0.65 m in height
• 640 - 630 BCE
• Incision and traces of painted lines
• Daedalic style
• Large hands and position suggest adoration.

20
Nikandre

• Athens, National Museum
• From Delos
• 640 - 625 BCE
• 1.75 m in height
• Earliest life-sized statue
• Nowhere thicker than 20 cm .

21
Nikandre Inscription

• Boustrophedon.
• Nikandre dedicated me to the Far Darter, the
  Arrow Shooter, outstanding of women, daughter of
  Deinodikes of Naxos, sister of Deinomenes, wife
  of Phraxos.

22
Berlin Kore

• Berlin Antikensammulungen.
• 1.93 m in height
• 570 - 560 BCE
• Found wrapped in lead in Keratea, suburb of
  Athens.
• Crown (polos) of meander pattern and lotus and
  bud motif.
• Funerary?

23
Peplos Kore

• Acropolis Museum, Athens.
• 1.17 m in height
• 530 BCE
• Peplos over the chiton
• Same sculptor as Rampin head?

24
Traces of Paint

• Embroidered dress.
• Colored belt.
• Strands of hair, irises, lips all colored.
• Added jewelry pegged in.

25
Cheramyes Kore

• Louvre 686
• 1.92 m in height
• 560 BCE
• From Samos
• Epiblema, mantle, and chiton
• DedicationCheramyes dedicated this statue to
  Hera.

26
Ionic Korai on the Acropolis

• Acropolis 681 Antenor Kore
• Acropolis 682
• Acropolis 670
• Acropolis 674
• Acropolis 686 Euthydikos Kore

27
Antenor Kore

• Acropolis Museum
• 2.155 m in height
• 530 - 520 BCE
• Nearchos the potter dedicated this to Athens.
  Antenor the son of Eumares made this statue.
• Nearchos signed pots 757 - 540 BCE.
• Eyes rock crystal set in lead.

28
Early Chian

• Acropolis 682
• 530 - 520 BCE
• 1.82 m high
• most peculiar
• the less one sees of the whole, the more of the
  detail, the better

29
Unusual Chiton Style

• Acropolis 670
• 1.15 m high
• 520 - 510 BCE
• Sculptor same hand as the Aristodikos
• No himation. Unusual chiton use.

30
Advanced Chian Style

• Acropolis 674
• H (preserved) 0.92 m
• 500 BCE
• Preliminaries to the Severe Style.

31
Euthydikos Kore

• Acropolis 686
• 490 BCE
• Euthydikos, son of Thaliarchos, dedicated me.
• Same sculptor as the Kritios Boy.

32
Phrasikleia

• Excavated from Merenda (ancient deme site of
  Myrrhinous) in 1972.
• Found almost intact with a male kouros.
• Cemetery context, on the road to Athens.
• 1.72 m in height
• 540 BCE

33
Bridal Garb

• Stephane or crown of lotus buds and flowers.
• Earrings, necklace, bracelets.
• Embroidered gown.
• Fancy belt.
• Special shoes.
• Iconography of bride.

34
Inscription

• Fit into previously discovered base (1729).
• Artists signature Aristion of Paros.
• Metrical epitaph
• Sema of Phrasikleia.
• I shall be called kore
• always, instead of marriage
• by the gods that
• having been alloted name.