Coppin State University

1
Introduction

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

Joshua Shervinski
AE Thesis Mechanical Option
Advisor Dr. Stephen Treado
Spring 2011
Wyalusing Valley Jr/Sr High School
2
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Project Background

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

Building Footprint
134,000sf Location Wyalusing,
PA Stories 1
Floor Renovation Cost 1.6
Million Construction Nov. 2006 - June
2008 Owner Wyalusing Valley School
District Architect Crabtree Rohrbaugh
Associates Engineering Centerpoint
Engineering Structural Engineer
Andrew Douma M/E Engineer William Deloache
AE Thesis Mechanical Option
3
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Existing Conditions

• Oil-Fired Hot Water Boiler
• 10,000 MBH capacity
• 45,000 gallons of heating oil per year
• Small Cooling Load
• Not in use during summer months
• Large Lighting Load
• 62 of entire building load

• Water to Air Heat Exchangers
• 12 Air Handlers
• Cafeteria, 2 Gymnasiums, Library
• 48 Cabinet Unit Heaters
• Corridors and Lobbies
• 66 Unit Ventilators
• Classrooms
• 3 Rooftop Units
• Auditorium, Clerical, PC Lab
• Supplies spaces that require cooling
• 42 ton combined capacity

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

Hot Water Supply and Returns
Wilkes Barre/ Scranton Airport Summer Summer Winter
Wilkes Barre/ Scranton Airport DB WB DB
Setpoint 75F 65F 72F
Outdoor 89F 72F 3.5F
ASHRAE Design Temperatures
AE Thesis Mechanical Option
Trane Trace Generated Values
4
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Design Objectives

• WVSDs Goals
• To save spent on heating oil by using cheaper
  fuel
• Switch to a more sustainable fuel
• Include enough heating capacity for both high
  school and future adjacent elementary school with
  estimated heating and lighting loads 85 that of
  the high school
• Take advantage of state grants for financial
  assistance

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

• Thesis Goals
• Reduce electricity usage from grid
• Reduce lighting load
• Use efficient combined heat and power strategy to
  supply some of the demand
• Save more for owner

Image from www.epa.gov/chp/
AE Thesis Mechanical Option
5
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Mechanical Renovation

• Proposed Renovation
• Biomass steam boiler to supply steam for CHP
• 10,000MBH boiling capacity
• Grid-tie system to take advantage of net metering
• Reduced heating capacity
• 8,350 MBH from heat exchanger to building
• Increase building size to accommodate for new
  equipment
• 11 increase in floor area

• Currently Installed
• WVSD opted to install a green-chip biomass boiler
• 10,000 MBH capacity
• Heats hot water to 180F
• New building for boiler and
• fuel storage
• Includes water closets
• and concession stands
• for sporting events
• 12,500 square feet
• Total Cost 1.6 million
• 310 thousand paid for by Energy Harvest Grant

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

AE Thesis Mechanical Option
6
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Equipment Selection

• Size based on peak heating load
• 8,350 MBH
• Bell Gossett GPXTM gasketed plate heat
  exchanger
• Turbine/Generator Sizing
• Using Dresser-Rand steam
• calculator
• 150kw output
• 1,000 MBH converted to
• electricity

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

• Biomass Steam Boiler
• Manufactured by
• Advanced Recycling
• Equipment
• 10,000 MBH capacity
• Heats steam to
• 150psia/370F
• for turbine
• Minimal cooling load negates feasibility of
  installing cooling tower

Heat Exchanger Flow Rate Temp. in Temp. out
Water Side 550 GPM 150F 180F
Steam Side 8,350 PPH 249F 226F
AE Thesis Mechanical Option
7
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Lighting Renovation

• Replacement Lighting
• New LED technology
• includes T8 retrofits
• Chinese Manufacturer
• 16 Watts to produce 1,800 Lumens
• Better efficacy of 113
• Determine which space can apply retrofit lamps
• 169 rooms can replace T8s, up to 3,445 lamps
• Total reduction of 362,000 kWh electricity per
  year in high school
• 40 decrease in total lighting demand

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

• Current Lighting Loads
• Vast majority of electricity is used for lighting
• Just over 900,000kWh used for lighting
• Current lamps used in the majority of the school
  are fluorescent T8s
• Manufactured by Cooper
• 32 Watts to produce 2,850 Lumens
• Good efficacy of 89
• After analyzing spaces, many rooms are over-lit
• Foot-candles calculated as high as 180
• Classrooms require 50fc, possibly only 30fc

AE Thesis Mechanical Option
Estimated Campus Energy Demand
8
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
LEED v3

• Energy Atmosphere Section
• Both renovations earn seven points by using an
  approved fuel (biomass) and generating at least
  13 of its energy
• Neither systems address the poor energy
  performance of the high school, complete advanced
  commissioning
• Neither renovation addresses refrigeration
  management
• Global Warming Potential is 13 too high
• Steam generated power only earns CHP two points

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

Point Summary
EA Credit Opportunity Max Points Available Points Earned (Hot Water) Points Earned (Steam) Earned
Optimize Energy Performance 19 0 0 0
On-site Renewable Energy 7 7 7 100
Enhanced Commissioning 2 0 0 0
Enhanced Refrigerant Management 2 0 0 0
Measurement and Verification 3 0 0 0
Green Power 2 0 2 0/100
Total 35 7 9 20/26
AE Thesis Mechanical Option
9
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Payback Period

• LED T8 replacements are 69 per lamp when
  ordering 100
• Each lamp saves 11.66 per year in electricity
• Pay for themselves in 5.5 years
• When all lamps are installed in high school,
  yearly savings of 40,200 per year
• Initial cost of renovation estimated using RS
  Means 2011
• Construction Management breadth work
• Mechanical equipment installation costs
• Cost to increase building size by 11
• Applicable grants to pay for over 50 of initial
  cost
• Pennsylvania Alternative Energy Portfolio
  Standard
• 1 REC for every 1,000 kWh generated using
  approved fuels/methods
• Earns 576 RECs for generated electricity and 269
  RECs for heating
• RECs are sold via brokers at a fluctuating market
  price

Installed Mechanical Equipment 370,270
Building Size Increase 56,700
First 100 LED Lamps 6,900
Additional Initial Cost 433,870

PA Alternative Clean Energy 213,285
Penelec Sust. Energy Fund 25,000
Grant Savings 238,285

Additional Upfront Building Cost 195,585

Savings from 100 LEDs 1,166
Savings from Electricity Generation 53,366
Renewable Energy Credits 4,030
Yearly Payback 58,562

Estimated Payback Timeframe 3 years 4 months

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

AE Thesis Mechanical Option
10
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Final Recommendations

• Proposal Evaluation
• LED retrofit lamps are cost effective and
  eliminates a large portion of electricity load
• Generating electricity using biomass fuel in CHP
  application is cheaper than grid and has shorter
  payback than standard biomass boiler
• Site energy usage discussed, source energy
  reduction even greater
• Estimated source energy used by campus 6,693,428
  kWh
• After CHP and LED reductions 4,109,262kWh
• Almost 40 less source energy used for campus

• Energy Savings

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

AE Thesis Mechanical Option
11
Spring 2011
Joshua Shervinski
Appreciation

• Project Background
• Existing Conditions
• Design Objectives
• Mechanical Renovation
• Equipment Selection
• Lighting Renovation
• LEED v3
• Payback Period
• Final Recommendations

• Where Credit Is Due
• Special thanks to Mom and Dad
• Youve supported, encouraged, and pushed me to be
  my best
• All of my friends
• For all the love and the best of times
• All of the Professionals who took the time to
  help me
• For all the valuable advice and patience with my
  learning
• God for always being there
• Even with all of my imperfections

AE Thesis Mechanical Option