Westward Movement

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Westward Movement

• To infinity and beyond!!!!

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What is it?

• Happened most between the early 17th and late
  19th centuries
• Expanded the Nations borders to include more
  than three million square miles
• Allowed the United States became one of the most
  powerful nations of the 20th century.
• This expansion also resulted in great suffering,
  destruction, and cultural loss for the Native
  Americans of North America.

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Motivations

• More Land (better farm land)
• New Life
• Wealth
• Religious Freedom
• Adventure
• Manifest Destiny

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Effect on Indians
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American Indians

• American Indians of the Great Lakes and Ohio
  Valley lashed out against the English in an
  attempt to preserve their independence, their
  land, and their way of life.
• KG3 issues the Royal Proclamation of 1763,
  banning all white settlement beyond the
  Appalachians.
• In 1787 the U.S. government assured American
  Indians living in the Old Northwest and in the
  land south of the Ohio River that their rights
  and interests would be protected.
• The pioneers use and abuse of their environment
  pushed the frontier westward.
• In the 1830s the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws,
  Chickasaws, and Seminoles would be taken, most of
  them by force, into Indian Territory, which was
  west of the Mississippi River in present-day
  Oklahoma.

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Louisiana Purchase
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Louisiana Purchase

• More than 800,000 square miles
• Cost was 15 million (11,250,000 was to be paid
  outright by the U.S. to France. The balance of
  3,750,000 was to be paid by the U.S. to its
  citizens to satisfy their claims against France.)

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Lewis Clark

• First U.S. overland exploration of the American
  West and Pacific Northwest.
• Began in May 1804 and ended in September 1806.
• Principal goal of the expedition was to locate a
  Northwest Passage and survey its potential as a
  waterway for American westward expansion.
• Expedition succeeded in making peaceful contact
  with Native Americans and uncovering a wealth of
  knowledge about the peoples, geography, plants,
  and animals of the western United States.

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Mountain Men

• 1820s-1830s
• Trapped Beaver
• Served as trail blazers and guides
• Some wrote guide books (many were inaccurate)
• Opened up new trails
• Drew maps

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Oregon Trail
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Oregon Trail

• By the middle of the 19th century, the Oregon
  Trail had become the main route to the American
  Northwest. Thousands traveled the 2,000 mile long
  route, which took six months by covered wagon.
  Deeply rutted roads cut by wagon wheels can still
  be seen today in many places along the trail.

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Gold Rush of 1849

• Gold was discovered in January 1848 by James W.
  Marshall at Sutters Mill in Sacramento, CA
• By 1852 more than 200,000 gold seekers had
  managed to reach California.
• In 1849 about 10 million worth of gold was
  mined.
• Prices soared in the boom economy. Boots sold for
  20 a pair, eggs for 50 cents each, and potatoes
  fetched 1 a pound.
• There were few social, class, or economic
  distinctions among the miners.
• In 1851 industrial mining began to replace the
  Forty-Niners.

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Effects of the Gold Rush

• The Forty-Niners pioneered new trails through
  unknown regions and helped to open them up for
  settlement.
• The gold rush added billions of dollars to the
  national wealth.
• The gold rush helped finance the growth of
  industry during the 19th century and helped make
  the United States an industrial nation.
• And..

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Provided BLING!!!!!