Colonial America

1
Colonial America

• New England Colonies
• Middle Colonies
• Southern Colonies

English Settlement of the New World
2
(No Transcript)
3
New England Colonies
Colony Reason Founded Date founded
Massachusetts Religious freedom 1620
New Hampshire Trade/fishing 1623
Connecticut Religious freedom trade 1636
Rhode Island Religious freedom 1636
4
Life in New England

• Climate in New England
• Rocky land made farming difficult. Most farmers
  grew enough to feed their families.
• Exporting timber became a major source of income
  for New Englanders
• Ship building and fishing
• Religious groups present Separatists, Puritans,
  Church of England

5
Life in the New England Colonies

• Education public schools towns with 50 or more
  people had to hire a schoolmaster
• Famous People John Winthrop (leader of the
  Puritans), Roger Williams (founder of Rhode
  Island to escape the Puritans)
• Government towns and cities were centers of
  government
• Leisure time most of their time was spent in
  Church. They had very little time for other
  leisure activities.

6
Middle Colonies
Colony Reason Founded Date Founded
New York Trade 1664
New Jersey Trade 1664
Delaware Trade 1664
Pennsylvania Religious and Political freedom 1682
7
Life in the Middle Colonies

• Diverse population a large number of settlers
  came from Ireland, Germany and Scotland most
  free Africans lived in this area
• Land was made up of rich farmland thus farms
  produced enough food to feed many people in New
  England and the South.
• Farming, Mining and textiles were the mainstay of
  their economy

8
Life in the Middle Colonies

• Religious groups Quakers, Dutch Protestant,
  Jewish
• Education Private Schools Apprentices.
• Famous People William Penn, Benjamin Franklin.
• Government Counties were centers of local
  governments because towns were too small. Each
  state had a legislature.
• Leisure time hunting for sport not food

9
Southern Colonies
Colony Reason Founded Date Founded
Virginia Trade/farming 1607
Maryland Religious freedom 1634
North Carolina Trade/farming 1663
South Carolina Trade/farming 1663
Georgia Home for debtors 1732
10
Life in the Southern Colonies

• 3 distinct areas mountains, piedmont, coastal
  plain
• Farms in the interior of the colonies tended to
  be small due to heavy forests.
• Large landowners were in the coastal plain
  region.
• Plantation system slaves, artisans, cash crops

11
Life in the Southern Colonies

• Education wealthy people hired private teachers
  or sent their children to European schools
• Religious groups Catholic (MD), Jewish (GA),
  Church of England
• Leisure time fox hunting, horse racing, harvest
  parties
• Famous people Lord Baltimore (lived in
  Maryland passed a law called the Act of
  Toleration which guaranteed religious freedom)
  James Oglethorpe
• Government State legislatures white, male,
  property owners that are 21 or older may vote

12
Georgia
13
Venn Diagram 3 Types of Colonies in North America
New England
Middle
Southern
14
James Edward Oglethorpe

• Wealthy, member of House of Commons (British
  Parliament).
• Worked on prison reform in England especially for
  people who could not pay their debts.
• Oglethorpe and 20 other men proposed another
  colony to King George II

15
Reasons for settlement of GA

• Allow people of England who could not pay their
  debts a new beginning in a new colony
• Act as a buffer between the Carolinas and the
  Spanish who controlled Florida
• Produce items such as silk, cotton dyes and wine
  all products that England had to import from
  other countries

16
Georgias Charter

• June 7, 1732 King George II granted a charter
  making Oglethorpe and his group responsible for
  settling GA and managing it for 21 years
• No Catholics
• No slavery
• No liquor
• No lawyers

17
Chief Tomochichi

• Settlers left London on the ship Ann
• Approximately 114-125 people were aboard Ann
• Before settling in Georgia Oglethorpe had to make
  friends with the Yamacraw Indians through their
  chief, Tomochichi
• February 12, 1733 the passengers were allowed to
  land on Yamacraw Bluff overlooking the Savannah
  River

18
Savannah

• Oglethorpe, Colonel William Bull and Noble Jones
  designed the city of Savannah
• The city was divided into squares. On the north
  and south sides of each square were lots for
  houses and small gardens the east and west sides
  were set aside for buildings such a churches and
  stores the middle of each square was for social,
  political and religious meetings.

19
Review of the Colony

• Very few debtors moved to GA
• In 1742 the colony allowed the trade of rum
• In 1750 the colony first allowed slaves
• In 1752 Georgia became a royal colony under the
  rule of the King
• Although the noble ideas on which Georgia was
  founded were never fulfilled, the colony made
  progress and survived

20
Key Ideas, Terms and People

• Charter
• James Oglethorpe
• Chief Tomochichi
• Yamacraw Indians
• Savannah
• Proprietary colony
• Royal colony