Chemistry of life and the Cell

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Chemistry of life and the Cell
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Carbon compounds
Eukaryotes And prokaryotes
Cell Structure nucleus
Chromo- somes ribosomes
More Cell
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A macromolecule that joins together to form
polymers
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What are monomers?
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Large molecules formed by the joining together of
monomers
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What are polymers?
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The main source of energy in living things
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What are carbohydrates?
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Single sugar molecules
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What are monosaccharides?
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An example of a monosaccharide
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What is glucose?
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Cells that contain a nuclei
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What is eukaryote?
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The large membrane-enclosed structure that
contains the cells genetic material in the form
of DNA
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What is nucleus?
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Cells that have genetic material that is not
contained in a nucleus.
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What is prokaryote?
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Cells that contain a nucleus in which their
genetic material is separated from the rest of
the cell.
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Eukaryote
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An example of a prokaryote
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What is bacteria?
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Little organs
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What are Organelles?
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Portion of the cell outside the nucleus
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What is cytoplasm?
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Contains nearly all of the cells DNA, coded
instructions for making proteins and other
important molecules.
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What is nucleus?
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It is dotted with thousands of tiny pores that
allow materials to move in and out of the nucleus
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What is Nuclear envelope?
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The granular material you can see in the nucleus
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What is chromatin?
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Threadlike structures that contain the genetic
information that is passed from one generation of
cells to the next.
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What are chromosomes?
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Dense region in the nucleus where the assembly of
ribosomes begins
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What is the nucleous?
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Proteins are assembled on these made of RNA and
protein
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What are ribosomes?
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Turns out proteins on coded instructions from
from the nucleus
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What are ribosomes?
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The site where lipid components of the cell
membrane are assembled, along with proteins and
other materials that are exported from the cell.
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What is endoplasmic reticulum?
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Portion of the ER involved in the synthesis of
proteins
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What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?
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Small organelles filled with enzymes
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lysosomes
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They break down organelles that have outlived
their usefulness
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lysosomes
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Sac-like structures that store materials such as
water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates
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What are vacuoles?
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Organelles that convert the chemical energy
stored in food into compounds that are more
convenient for the cell to use.
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What are mitochondrion?
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The powerhouse of the cell
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What is mitochondrion?