Tobacco and Alcohol

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Tobacco and Alcohol

• Mrs. Wallace

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Tobacco
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Tobacco

• A plant that contains nicotine that is smoked and
  chewed.

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Nicotine

• An addictive stimulant drug found in tobacco
  products
• Cigarettes
• Cigars
• Chewing tobacco
• Pipe tobacco

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Carcinogen

• A chemical that is known to cause cancer
• 7,000 chemicals in tobacco, 69 are known to cause
  cancer
• National Cancer Institute

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Tar

• A sticky, thick substance formed when tobacco is
  burned.

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Carbon monoxide

• An odorless, tasteless gas that interferes with
  the ability of blood to carry oxygen.
• Formed when tobacco is burned.

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Secondhand smoke

• Smoke that is breathed in by a nearby nonsmoker.
• Living with a smoker increases cancer risks by
  20-30 (Surgeon General)

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Mainstream smoke

• Smoke that is inhaled into the smokers mouth and
  lungs.

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Sidestream smoke

• Smoke that enters the air from burning tobacco.
• Has more tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide than
  mainstream smoke.

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Smokeless tobacco

• Chewing tobacco loose leaves or plugs placed
  between cheek and lower lip (usually toward back
  of the mouth). Can be chewed or held in place.
• Snuff finely cut or powdered tobacco
• Nicotine is absorbed through the lining of the
  mouth

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http//www.thetruth.com/
http//www.cdc.gov/tobacco/publications/dvds_video
s/cant_breathe/
http//www.tobaccofree.org/clips/VideoSeanMarsee.h
tm
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Alcohol
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Alcohol

• A drug found in certain beverages (beer, wine,
  liquor, etc.) that depresses the brain and
  nervous system.

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Proof

• A measure of the amount of alcohol in a beverage.
  The proof of a beverage is double the percent of
  alcohol in the beverage.
• Example a beverage with 20 alcohol is 40 proof

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Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

• The amount of alcohol in a persons blood.

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Factors That affect BAC

• Amount of alcohol consumed 
• Speed at which alcohol is consumed
•  Body weight
•  Percent body fat
•  Gender
•  Feelings
•  Amount of food eaten
•  Presence of other drugs in the bloodstream
•  Age
•  Carbonation

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Binge-Drinking

• Consuming 5 or more drinks in a sitting 2 or more
  times per week.

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Alcoholism

• A disease in which there is a physical and
  psychological dependence on alcohol.

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How alcohol affects the body

• Consequences

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Nervous System

• Destroys nerve cells and causes blackouts and
  seizures.
• Causes dementia

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Digestive system

• Increases risk of developing cancers of the
  mouth, esophagus, and stomach.
• Causes ulcers
• Increases risk of liver disease - Cirrhosis
• Increases the risk of developing pancreatitis
• Causes malnutrition

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Immune System

• Depresses immune function
• Increases the risk of developing certain
  illnesses, such as, respiratory infections,
  tuberculosis, and certain cancers.
• Decreases the ability to fight pathogens

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Cardiovascular system

• Increases risk of developing cardiovascular
  diseases, high blood pressure, and stroke

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Skeletal system

• Causes the body to lose calcium - Osteoporosis

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Urinary system

• Increase urine flow
• Increased risk of kidney failure

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Reproductive system

• Male
• Decrease testes size
• Decrease muscle mass
• Delays the age when the voice deepens

• Female
• Can delay the first menstrual cycle
• Cause irregular periods
• Impair breast development

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Reproductive system cont.

• Pregnancy
• Miscarriage
• Stillbirth
• Low-birthweight infants
• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) - severe birth
  defects, such as, small eye openings, a small
  head, and retarded physical and mental growth.