Origins of Classical Greece

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Origins of Classical Greece
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Mycenaean Civilization

• Indo-Europeans
• Arrive in 2000 BCE (traders)
• Hellenic Culture (Egypt, Meso, Greek diffusion)
• First to Speak Greek
• Infrastructure
• Interaction with Minoans

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Trojan War

• 1250 BC
• Economic rivalry between Mycenaeans and Troy
• Dardanelles (Hellespont)
• Trojan War?
• Romantic Myth

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Mycenaean Graves
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Mycenae
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Age of Homer

• Decline of Mycenaean civilization
• Greece enters the Dark Ages
• Homer
• Iliad
• Odyssey

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Homers Illiad The Surrender
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Dark Ages of Greece

• Dorian Invasions
• Geographic Influence
• Cultural Diffusioncoming out of the Dark Ages
  in Greece

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Greek Renaissance

• Started in 750 BC
• Cultural Exchange
• Homer Iliad and Odyssey
• Greek Alphabet

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Colonies and Mainland Greece

• Colonization of Greece
• Development of the Greek Polis (Acropolis)
• Ancient Athenian Polis and political development

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Athens

• Athens Rise of Democracy
• Monarchy to Aristocracy to Tyranny to Democracy
• Dracos Laws
• Solons Reforms
• Peististratos Tyrant
• Cleisthenes Democracy

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Athens Continued

• Athenian Citizenship
• Athenian Society
• Athenian Education
• Olympics
• Women in Athens

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Athenian Acropolis
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Parthenon
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Pnyx Seat of Democracy
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Mainland Greece Continued

• Sparta
• Government
• Military State
• Culture
• Society
• Role of Women

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The Persian Wars

• Ionian city-states rebel and win against Persians
  Persian reclaims colonies quickly!
• Darius I (Persians) versus Themistocles
  (Athenian)
• Persians attack at Marathon (490 BC)
• Athenians WIN at Marathon!

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Marathon
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The Persian Wars

• Xerxes (Darius son) attacks Greece for vengeance
  over first war
• Athens, Sparta form the Greek League to fight
  against the Persians
• Greek VICTORY!
• Sparta at Thermopylae 300 versus Spartans on
  PBS Watch and learn!
• Athens at Salamis
• Athens gets more credit which sets the stage for
  Greek v Greek!

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Marathon Monument at Delphi
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Results of the Persian Wars

1. Increased Greek sense of superiority
2. Athens emerges as the dominant city-state after
   Marathon (will upset the Spartans)
3. Athenians formed and dominated the Delian League
   (coalition of city-states)

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