State consolidation

1
State consolidation Imperial expansion

• A closer look _at_ France, Russia England

2
Rulers used a variety of methods to legitimize
and consolidate their power.

• Rulers used the arts to display power
• Rulers continued to use religion as legitimacy
• Differential treatment of some groups
• Recruitment of military professionals

3
Cardinal Richelieu France
Political Testament power is based on revenue
(so money power, go figure) Raison detat
what is done for the State is done for God
4
France Cardinal Richelieu

• Increase the power of the King

• Make France the strongest country

• Destroyed the noble's castles
• Transferred their authority to govt. officials
• Levied taxes without consent of Estates - General

• Led France into the 30 Years War where he joined
  with Protestant Sweden to fight against the
  Catholic Hapsburgs.

5
LOUIS XIV
I am the state One King, One Law, One
Religion Who said I dont have the best
legs!
6
Louis XIV

• Created the most lavish court in Europe complete
  with formal etiquette and ritual
• Promoted economy by strengthening infrastructure
  and using protective tariffs.
• Revoked the Edict of Nantes
• Ambitious in foreign affairs, even had his
  grandson placed on the throne of Spain (allowed
  by the Treaty of Utrecht)

7
VERSAILLES
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
HALL OF MIRRORS
13
(No Transcript)
14
Peter the Great

• Sought to modernize and westernize Russia
• Window to the Sea
• New Capital City
• Transform the people
• Brought Church under his complete control
• Strengthened serfdom to maintain a stable labor
  supply

15
Who looks more European?
16
BoyarsRussian nobles
17

• He introduced western ideas to Russia and forced
  them to do away with their traditional dress for
  western styles. He also made them shave their
  beards.

18
(No Transcript)
19
FYI Peter's Weird Obsessions

• 1710 - Summoned all the Russian Dwarfs and
  Midgets to St. Petersburg, where he built them a
  snow village.
• Peter loved midgets because he was so much taller
  than them.
• He often put midgets in pies and let them jump
  out to entertain people.

20

• He loved oddities - kept jars of teeth he
  personally pulled.
• He opened a Museum of Curiosities which was kept
  by a deformed dwarf who would one day himself be
  pickled.
• - man without genitals
• - child w/ 2 heads
• - organs of a hermaphrodite
• - pickled phallus - he threatened to cut off his
  wifes head if she didnt kiss it.
• - preserved remains of babies born deformed
• - skeleton of an 8 foot tall giant

21
England

• The anti-absolute state

22
Henry VIII

• Became head of the Church of England
• He followed the 3 necessities of absolutism
• Reduce power of nobility
• Acquire wealth
• Limit the power of the church

23
The Stewart Debacle

• James I

• Charles I

• Tried to create an absolute monarchy and refused
  to work with Parliament
• Constantly clashed with them over taxes

• Constantly needed
• Parliament forced him to sign the Petition of
  Right
• Person cannot be imprisoned w/out just cause
• Parliament must approve any tax increases

24
James I
Monarchie the supremest thing on earth for
Kings are not only GODs Lieutenants upon earth,
and sit upon throne, but even by God himself they
are called Gods.
25
English Civil War (1642-1651)

• Roundheads vs. Cavaliers

• 1ST European King to be executed

• Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell
• When things went bad for Cavaliers, Charles I
  wrote to foreign kings asking them to invade
• TREASON!!!

26
OMG life stunk under Cromwell

• Restoration - 1660

• Glorious Revolution - 1688

• Parliament asked Charles II to return the
  Stewarts to the throne
• No heir so the throne passed after him to his
  Catholic brother James II

• James II didnt fit in (wouldnt work w/
  Parliament was Catholic)
• William Mary arrive
• They sign the English Bill of Rights which
  makes Parliament supreme