THE CONSOLIDATION OF TURKISH RULE

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THE CONSOLIDATION OF TURKISH RULE
B.A 1- HISTORY
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ILTUTMISH

• INTRODUCTION
• Early life of Iltutmish-
• Difficulties of Iltutmish-
• Politicul and Military Development Under
  Iltutmish-

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GHIYASUDDIN BALBAN

• INTRODUCTIONS
• Early Life Of Balban
• Achivements of Balbanas as Prime Minister
• Achivements of Balbanas as Sultan
• Problums of Balban
• Main Achivements
• Successors Of Balban

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THE KHALJIS

• INTRODUCTIONS
• EMERGENCR OF THE KHALJIS
• JALALUDDIN FEROZE SHAH KHALJI
• Problems of Jallaluddin Khilji
  
  
  
• Home Policy
• Foreign Policy
• Murder
• Estimate

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• ALAUDDIN KHALJI
• INTRODUCTION
• Problums of Alauddin Khalji
• Early Achivment Alauddin Khalji

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• CONQUESTS OF ALAUDDIN KHALJI
• Conquests of northern India
• Conquests of Deccan
• ADMINISTRATION OF ALAUDDIN KHALJI
• Central Administration
• Provincial Administration
• Local Administration
• Judicial Administration
• Police and intelligence
• Land Revenue Reforms
• Military Administration

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• REFORMS OF ALAUDDIN KHALJI
• Administrative Reforms
• Economic Reforms
• .Fixation of prises
• .proper arrangement of supply
• .rationing System
• .Arrangement of Markets
• .Merits
• .Demerits
• .

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• CHARACTER OF ALAUDDIN KHALJI
• As a Man
• As a General
• As a Great Conqueror
• As a Social Reformer
• As an Economist
• As a Administrator
• A Shrewd Statesman
• Patron of Art and Literature

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The Tughlaqs

• Interoduction
• Early life
• Character
• Problems
• Home Policy
• .ToConcilliate the nobles
• .To fill the royal Treasury
• .Agricultural Reforms
• .Judicial Reforms
• .Army Reforms
• .Religious Policy

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• Foreign Policy
• .Conquest of warrangal
• .Raid on Utkala
• .Conquest of Bengal
• . Conquest of Tirhut
• .The invasion

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• Experiments of Muhammad Tughlaq
• .Transfer of capital- CausesNature,result
• .Enchanced taxation in Doab-CausesNature,result
• .Interoduction of token currency-CausesNature,res
  ult
• .Improve Agriculture
• .Conquest of khurasan

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• Causes of Muhammad tughlaqs Failure
• .The nature of sultan
• .Experiment of sultan
• .Religious policy
• .Lack of able Councillors
• .Vastness of the empire
• .Treachery of foreigners

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• Feroze Shah TughlaqsProblems
• Administrative and economic policies
• Foreign policy
• Successors

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• Downfall of the Delhi sultanate
• .Depotic Rule
• .Vast Empire
• .Religious policy
• .Jagirdari system
• .Slave system
• .Invasion of Mongoals
• .Responsibility of MuhammadTughlaq

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The Vijaynagar Kingdom

• Establishment of The Vijaynagar Kingdom
• Rulers of Sangama Dynasty
• Rulers of Saluva Dynasty
• Tuluva Dynasty
• Arvidu Dynasty

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• Polity of Vijaynagar Kingdom
• .The king
• .The crown prience
• .The council of ministers
• .Provincial administration
• .Local administration
• .Financial administration
• .Judicial administration

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• Society of Vijaynagar Kingdom
• .Cast system
• .Position of Women
• .Drees and diet
• .Entertainment

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• Economic condion
• .Agriculture
• .Industries
• .Trade
• .condion of people

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• Religious Condition
• .Hinduism
• .Jainism
• .Islam
• Art of Vijaynagar Kingdom
• .Architecture
• .Sculpture
• .Painting
• .

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B.A- IUnit IIChapter V
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Political Condition of India on the Introduction
eve of Baburs invasion

• Early career of Babur
• (Founder of Mughal Empire in India)
• Zahir-Ud-Din Muhammad Babur was born at Andijaan
  the Capital of Farghana in Cantral Asia on 14th
  Feb. 1483 AD. Where his father Umar Sheikh Mirza
  was the ruler.
• Babur became rule of Farghana after the
  accidental death of his father.
• Babur defeated his uncle Ahmed Mirza, ruler of
  samarkand, when attacked. Babur proved his
  strength. But later on lost both samankand and
  Farghana states. Babur realized that he had to
  tread on a thorny path. He left his homeland.
• During first phase as a Fugitive (1498-1500 AD).
  Again tried to captur Farghana and samarkand but
  failed. Once again in 1502 Babur was defeated by
  Uzbek chief Shaibami Khan who usurped Farghana
  and samarkand finally.
• During second phase on a Fugitive (1502-1509) he
  led a miserable life with a broken heart. At
  times, he begged food and walked barefoot,
• Babur took advantage of a civil was in Kabul and
  occupied Afghanistan in 1504 and ruled there till
  1526.
• Babur was ambitions to establish a vast empire.
  Having looked around, he found India an easy
  target as ruling control Asia was considered an
  uphill task.

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Causes of Babar invasion on India

• Ambitions for expansion of Kabul empire
• Weak Political condition of India
• Indian wealth being great attraction
• Fear of attacks from Uzbek
• Invitations from Indian Chiefs for invasion
• Kabul nearer to India for exqnest and annexation
• Desire to spread Indian was a natural instinct
  invoked to capture Bharat

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Political Condition to India On the eve of Babur
invasion

• Indian ruler were divided lot, lacked political
  unity
• Mutual disputes among small states
• Lack united Indian leadership
• States of Northern India
• Delhi - ruled by Ibrahim Lodhi, had annoyed his
  state governor and chiefs, lost control on them
• Punjab - A Province of Delhi Sultanate the
  rebellion governor Daulat Khan Lodhi invited
  Babur for his help.
• Gujrat - ruled by Bahadur shah able successful
  yet ambitions
• Sind - ruled by Shah Hussain of Argun dynasty,
  proved a popular mles
• Kashmir - ruled by Mohd. Shah, incompetent ruler.
• Bengal ruled by Nusrat shah a great
  administrator and conqueror
• Malwa - ruled by Mahmud Khalji II, incompetent.
  State power vested with Prime Minister Medni Rao
• Mewar- ruled by a brave warrior and important
  Rajput ruler
• Jaunpur- ruled by Nasie Khan Lodhi, was sival to
  Ibrahim Lodhi
• Khandesh ruled by Mirun Mohd. Internal
  disturbance in the state
• Contd

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Two powerful kingdom of south

• Bahmini Kingdom was divided and ruled by five
  dynasties ie. Nizam Shahi over ahmednagar, Adil
  shahi over Bijapur, Bureed Shahi over Bidar,
  Imadshahi over Brar Katab Shai over Golcunda. The
  infghtinh among them continued weakening the
  kingdom
• Vijay Nagar a powerful kingdom was ruled by
  Krishnan Deva Raya (1509-1529) kingdom was on the
  path of progress a great soldier and conqueror,
  was patron of art and literature- well developed

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Conquests of Babur

• Early attacks of Babur
• First expedition (1519) attacked Bajouer and
  Bhera in west Punjab.
• Second Expedition (1519) attacked Peshaswar and
  returned.
• Third Expedition (1520) attacked Sialkot to
  regain Bhera and Bajour
• Fourth Expedition (1524 A.D.) Occupied Lahore,
  Dipalpr and Jullandhare.
• Fifth Expedition (1525 A.D ) Defeated Jats,
  Gujjars, Gakkhars and Daulat Khan Lodhi.

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Battle of Panipat April. 21, 1526

• Causes
• Babur highly ambitions
• Lack of Political stability in India.
• Invitation form Indian chiefs
• Indian wealth
• Incompetent and weak Delhi Ruler Ibrahim Lodhi.
• Babur living fanatic
• Events
• Indian and Mughal forces met at Panipat on 21st
  April, 1526. Babur won the battle. Mustafa and
  ustad Ali, the gunners of Babur played an
  important role. Babur captured Panipat, Delhi
  and Agra.
• Results
• End of Afghan Rule
• Foundation of Mughal Dynasty
• Downfall of Delhi Sultanate
• Use of Artillery became an important part of
  Indian Army
• Development of Indian culture and civilization
• End of Baburs bad times
• War between Mughals and Rajput became inevitable
• Financial gains for Babur

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Causes of the success of Babur

• Well trained and alert Mughal army
• Military weaknesses of Lodhis army
• Opposition by Ibrahims own relatives
• Political instability in India
• Babur being experienced general
• Artillery wing of Babur
• Baburs latest scientific tactics of war
• Loyalty of Baburs army
• No Indian native state helped Ibrahim

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Battle of Kanwaha March 16, 1527

• Causes
• Allegations of Babur and Rana Sanga
• Stable empire possible after dominating Rajputs
• Rana Sanga was ambitious
• Rana Sangas alliance with Mahmud Lodhi
• Events
• Both armies met at kanwaha on March 16, 1527
• Battle lasted for ten hours Babur
• Ultimately won the battle
• Results
• Babur became real ruler of India
• Rajput dignity and honor suffered
• Rajput states dream shattered
• Foundation of Mughal empire
• For Babur, Delhi became Political centre

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Battle of Chanderi Jan, 1528 A.D.

• Medni Rao, a chief of Rama Sanga, gathered 5,000
  soldiers in chanderi fort. But fell flat before
  Mughal artillery on 20th Jan, 1528.
• Battle of Ghaghra May, 1529 A.D.
• Babur attacked the Afghan armies of Nusrat Shah
  and Mahmud Shah. In the battle,
• Babur finally won and signed a peace treaty with
  Nusrat Shah of Bengal.
• Importance of Baburs Battle
• India saved from foreign invasions from north
  west.
• A strong and vast kingdom established
• Indian army got equipped with latest war tactics
• A new theory of kingship developed
• Development of Act and literature appeared
  possible
• Indias relations with foreign countries
  developed
• Development of Trade

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Conclusion

• Babur was such a man who left behind him a hack
  on the pages of History. His inspiring work,
  heroic feats of arms, his dynamic personality and
  his literacy contributions shall always be
  remembered by posterity.