Naming Inorganic Compounds

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Naming Inorganic Compounds

• AP Chemistry

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We will focus on

• Ions
• Cations
• Single and polyatomic
• Anions
• Single
• Polyatomic
• Oxyanions
• Anions derived by adding H

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Cations

• Cations are the
• We name monoatomic ions as follows
• Keep name and add the word -ion
• Two systems

Fe2 iron (II) ion Fe3 iron (III) ion
Fe2 ferrous ion Fe3 ferric ion
Also called
Cu copper (I) ion Cu2 copper (II) ion
Also called
Cu cuprous ion Cu2 cupric ion
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Polyatomic cations

• Ammonium ion
• Hydronium ion

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Anions

• Anions are
• Name as follows
• chop off ending and add ide
• For example
• Hydride ion
• Oxide ion
• Nitride ion
• Some polyatomics
• OH- CN- O22-

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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen

• These are called oxyanions
• They are named by of oxygen atoms
• For example

SO42- Sulfate SO32- Sulfite
NO3- nitrate NO2- nitrite
-ate ending goes to the ion is series with more
oxygen -ite goes to the lower ion in series
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen cont..

• Prefixes used when there is up to 4 in series
• For example
• ClO4- perchlorate ion
• ClO3- chlorate ion
• ClO2- chlorite ion
• ClO- hypochlorite ion

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Anions w/ H

• Carbonate ion hydrogen carbonate
• Phosphate ion dihydrogen phosphate

CO32- HCO3-
PO33- H2CO3-
Older method added mono and bi..such as sodium
bicarbonate
NaHCO3
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Ionic Compounds

• Just put them together!
• Cation Anion equals name
• For example
• Barium bromide
• Aluminum nitrate
• Copper (II) perchlorate
• Sodium permanganate

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Name / write formulas for the following

• Sodium nitrite
• Hydrogen peroxide
• K2Cr2O7
• Calcium hypochlorite
• Strontium Sulfite

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Names of acids

• Two ways of naming
• Acids based on anions that end in ide
• Acids based on anions that end in ate or -ite

Cl- Chloride ion HCl hydrochloric
acid S2- sulfide ion H2S hydrosulfuric acid
ClO4- perchlorate ion HClO4 perchloric acid
ClO3- chlorate ion HClO3 chloric acid
ClO2- chlorite ion HClO2 chlorous acid
ClO- hypochlorite ion HClO hypochlorous acid
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Naming Compounds Flashcard Activity

• Write the following cations and anions on
  flashcards and practice combining then together
  to make compounds

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Monoatomin Cations
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Polyatomic Anions

• Write the polyatomic ions on index cards and the
  name on the reverse side

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Name the following

• C2H302-
• CO32-
• SO42-
• ClO3-
• ClO2-
• ClO-

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Write formulas for the following

• nitrate
• nitrite
• perchlorate
• phosphate

• Sulfide
• Fluorine
• Bromide
• Iodide
• Chloride

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Acids

• Make an H card
• Use the following to make acids
• acetate, C2H302-
• carbonate, CO32-
• sulfate, SO42-
• chlorate, ClO3-
• chlorite, ClO2-
• hypochlorite, ClO-
• nitrate, NO3-
• nitrite, NO2-
• perchlorate, ClO4-
• phosphate, PO43-

Sulfide S2- Fluorine F- Bromide Br- Iodide I-
Chloride Cl-
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Name these acids

• HCN
• HNO3
• H2SO4
• H2SO3
• Hydrobromic Acid HBr
• Hydrocarbonic Acid H2CO3

Hydrocyanic acid
Nitric acid
Sulfuric acid
Sulfurous acid
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Covalent compounds

• Nonmetal nonmetal
• Sharing of electrons!
• Element w/ lower electronegativity is first

One mono six - hexa Two di seven -
hepta Three tri eight - octa Four
tetra nine - nona Five penta ten - deca
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Covalent Compounds

• Name the following
• N2O5
• CCl4
• S3N2