Ch. 17 The West between the Wars

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Ch. 17The West between the Wars

• 1922-1936

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171 Objectives

• List causes and effects of the Great Depression.
• Describe the U.S. response to the Depression.
• Explain some weaknesses of the League of Nations.

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• 171 study guide
• 1. Weakness of the League of nations
• 2. reparations and Germanys payment problem.
• 3. inflation
• 4. Dawes Plan
• 5. Treaty of Locarno
• 6. Kellogg-Briand Pact
• 7. depression
• 8. causes and effects of the depression
• 9. How do Germany, France, Britain and US deal
  with the depression?

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171 Search for Stability

• League of Nations is weak.
• U. S. does not join the League of Nations.
• Reparations-
• Germany has trouble paying up.

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• Inflation
• becomes worthless.
• 1914- 4.2 marks 1US
• Nov1,1923 130billion 1US
• Nov30,1923 4 trillion 1US

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• Dawes Plan-
• coordinated German annual payments with its
  ability to pay granting 200 million loan.
• This opened the door to heavy American
  investments in Europe.
• Treaty of Locarno-
• France Germany agree on borders

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• Kellogg-Briand Pact
• signed by 63 nations pledged to renounce
  war as an instrument of national policy
• Butno way to enforce promises.
• Depression period of low economic activity
  rising unemployment
• (devastated morale, led to extremist political
  parties , creating conditions for WWII)

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• CAUSES
• Overproduction falling prices
• International financial crisis (US stock market)
• EFFECTS
• -Increased govt activity in economics
• -renewed interest in Marxist theory
• (led people to follow political leaders who
  offered simple solutions in return for
  dictatorial power)

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• GERMANY William II leadership to end with war
  depressionunemployment fear
• FRANCE became strongest power in Europe
• later economic instability led to
  political effects Popular Front Government
  collective bargaining- right for unions to
  negotiate with employers over wage/hours
• Problems of depression little confidence in
  political system

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• BRITAIN New conservative govt
• John Maynard Keynes economist
• Deficit Spending
• Spending govt doesnt have

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• UNITED STATES
• FDR New Deal
• WPA Works Progress Administration
• Social Security Act

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171 SUMMARY

• List causes and effects of the Great Depression.
• Describe the U.S. response to the Depression.
• Explain some weaknesses of the League of Nations.
• see p. 534 Flu Epidemic

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172 The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes

• What are Totalitarian and Fascism govts?
• Where did they rule and who were the leaders?
• How did Mussolini take over Italy?
• When and who created the USSR?
• How does Stalin change the Soviet Unions economy?

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• EUROPE

DEMOCRATIC FRANCE GREAT BRITAIN DICTATORSHIPS ITALY SOVIET UNION GERMANY OTHERS
Totalitarian govt that aims to control the
political, economic, social, intellectual
culture lives of its citizens.
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• Fascism
• emphasizes strong central govt led by a
  dictator ruler people are controlled by govt
  opposition is suppressed.
• Benito Mussolini Italy
• (Father of Fascism)
• Il Duce The Leader

P 542 People in History
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• Russia had Lenin and Communism after WWI
• NEP New Economic Policy
• (saved Russia from economic disaster)
• 1922 Lenin/Communist formally create the USSR
  Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
• 1924Lenin dies

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• Politburo 7 member policy-making body of
  Communist Party
• Leon Trotsky Joseph Stalin

p. 543 People in History _at_ Joseph Stalin
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• Stalin ends NEP replaces with his
• 5 year Plan - to transform Russia from an
  agricultural country to Industrial country
• Collectivization - system where private farms
  were eliminated govt owned land/peasants worked
  it.
• The Great Purge of 1930s

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SUMMARY

• What are Totalitarian and Fascism govts?
• Where did they rule and who were the leaders?
• How did Mussolini take over Italy?
• When and who created the USSR?
• How does Stalin change the Soviet Unions economy?

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173 Hitler Nazi Germany

• OBJECTIVE
• Explain how Hitler and the Nazi Party established
  a totalitarian state in Germany

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• Adolf Hitler
• 1921 took control of German Workers Party
• National Socialist German Workers Party..
• NAZI
• Racism anti-Semitism

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• Mein Kampf..My Struggle
• About his movement and basic ideas
• Extreme German nationalism
• Strong anti-Semitism
• Anti Communism
• .linked by social Darwin theory of struggle
  emphasizes right of superior nations to living
  space thru expansion right of superior
  individuals to gain authoritarian leadership over
  masses

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• Nazi Party becomes largest in German Parliament
  Reichstag
• Hitler becomes a dictator appointed by
  parliament..Enabling Act
• Concentration Camps set up for those who opposed
  new regime
• President Hindenburg died 1934.
• Hitler Fuhrer

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p. 550 Hitler Youth Organization Aryan racial
state to dominate Third Reich Empire of Nazi
Germany
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SS Guard Squadrons
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• Hitler used a massive rearmament program to put
  people back to work from depression.
• Nuremberg Laws (1935) excluded Jews from German
  citizenship required them to wear Star of David
• Kristallnacht night of shattered glass
• Destructive rampage against Jews

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SUMMARY

• Explain how Hitler and the Nazi Party established
  a totalitarian state in Germany
• SEE 3 DICTATORS CHART P. 552 (2QS)

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174 Cultural Intellectual Trends

• Objective Describe popular forms of
  entertainment used to spread political messages

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• Radio, Movies
• Mass Leisureoffered new ways totalitarian states
  controlled people
• Artist after WWI... The world doesnt make
  sense, why should art?

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• Photomontage combo of pics (collage)
• Artistic movements Dada and surrealism
• Both reflect unconscious content of the mind

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Summary

• Describe popular forms of entertainment used
  to spread political messages
• Explain how Hitler and the Nazi Party established
  a totalitarian state in Germany
• What are Totalitarian and Fascism govts?
• Where did they rule and who were the leaders?
• How did Mussolini take over Italy?
• When and who created the USSR?
• How does Stalin change the Soviet Unions economy?