8th Grade Science Content Strand 1

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Inquiry

• 8th Grade Science Content Strand 1

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1.g.h. Skepticism

• Causes one to doubt or change your mind based on
  new evidence and leads to new investigations
• Ex. The scientist did a new experiment because
  he was skeptical about the fertilizer data. He
  thought that maybe the type of plant affected the
  results so he changed the type of plants and did
  several new trials using the fertilizer.

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1.d. Inferences and Observations

• Inference- Make a conclusion based on evidence in
  the experiment
• Evidence must come for the data/investigation
• Observation- information gathered directly
  thought senses.

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1.b. Qualitative

• Data that is not measured or counted.
• Color
• Presence of bubbles
• Formation of a solid

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1.b. Quantitative

• Information using numbers
• Mass (5g)
• Length (2m)
• Temperature (22OC)
• 32 students in class

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1.e. Justify/defend Conclusions

• Underline the conclusion you are justifying
  Look for evidence in the data
• Supports look for positive answer choices
• Does not support look for the negative answer

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Validity and Reliability

• Validity- whether an experiment is accurate
• Experiment follows design of scientific method
• Reliability- whether an experiment is repeatable
• Same results every time.

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Validity and Reliability
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Control Group

• The part of an experiment that does not receive
  the independent variable
• Ex. The last plant did not receive fertilizer
  when testing which fertilizer works the best

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Constant

• Things that remain the same in an experiment in
  order to make data more reliable and valid
• Ex. Same type of soil, plant, amount of sunlight,
  environment

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Independent Variable

• The part of an experiment that changes because it
  is controlled by the experimenter and is used to
  affect the dependent variable
• Typically found on the outer parts of a data
  table

Color Heat absorption each minute Heat absorption each minute Heat absorption each minute Heat absorption each minute
red
black
blue
green
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Dependent Variable

• The part of an experiment that changes because it
  is affected by the independent variable
• The amount or type of change is measured
• Typically found inner parts of a data table

Color Heat absorption each minute Heat absorption each minute Heat absorption each minute Heat absorption each minute
red 70C 80C 90C 100C
black 70C 100C 130C 160C
blue 70C 8.50C 9.40C 10.10C
green 70C 90C 100C 110C
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logical

• Makes the most sense

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Revise

• To change in order to improve or make better
• Think about parts of the scientific investigation

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Test taking Tips
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• Read all answer choices before selecting a final
  answer
• Eliminate answer choices
• Watch for distracters
• Circle/underline key words (vocabulary)
• Read the question before after reading the
  answer choices
• Determine the main objective of the question
• Identify which content/objective the question is
  related to